Nuclear Medicine Exam Questions with Correct Answers
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Course
Nuclear Medicine
Institution
Nuclear Medicine
Nuclear Medicine Exam Questions with
Correct Answers
What is the radiopharmaceutical used in bone scans? - answerTech-99 diphosphate. The
radiolabeled substance must be an analog to Calcium, hydroxyl groups or phosphates.
How many phases are there to a typical bone scan? - answerThree phases. O...
Nucle ar Medicine Exam Questions with Correct Answers What i s the radiopharmaceutical used in bone scans? - answer✔✔Tech -99 diphosphate. The radiolabeled substance must be an analog to Calcium, hydroxyl groups or phosphates. How many phases are there to a typical bone scan? - answer✔✔Three phases. One phase is imme diately after uptake (a blood pool image), then images at 5 minutes, then images at 2 -4 hours. Early uptake on the 5 minute images shows acute inflammation. Chronic process would show greatest activity on the delayed images. In regards to the thyroid, what type of radiopharm is most often used treatment of thyroid CA? Why is it useful for this? - answer✔✔I-131 is used for treatment. It can also be used for imaging in conjunction with Te -99. Although, it also has utility in imaging functional metastatic thyr oid tissue because its half life is 8 days and imaging can be performed over several days to allow for adequate concentration in the metastatic tissue and its higher energy allows for imaging of deeper metastatic tissue. Provides high dose of radiation to thyroid but acceptable radiation dose to the rest of the body. Half life of I -131 - answer✔✔8.04 days Half life of I -123 - answer✔✔13 hours What radioisotope is most often used for thyroid function and imaging? - answer✔✔I-123. This has a photon energy of 159 keV - This gamma energy allows excellent image capture with limited background activity. In thyroid imaging, what are the guidelines for breastfeeding? - answer✔✔I-131: Cessation of breast feeding I-123: restart breast feeding after 2 -3 days Te-99: Res tart after 12 -24 hours What radioisotopes can be used for thyroid uptake and what radioisotopes can be used for thyroid imaging? - answer✔✔Uptake: I -131, I -123 Imaging: I -123, Te -99 Pertechnetate Advantages and disadvantages of using Tech -99 Pertechnetate over I -123 in thyroid imaging? - answer✔✔Advantages: Lower absorbed dose so can use higher concetration resulting in quicker uptake for scan, cheaper to make, better efficiency in imaging. Preferred when quicker imaging is desired or when the patient is ta king iodine uptake blocking agents (i.e. iodinated contrast). Disadvantages: Higher background activity, the salivary glands will demonstrate uptake (if the patient is hyperthyroid, may not see uptake in the salivary glands). What special precautions sho uld be undertaken when giving radioisotopes to children in thyroid imaging? - answer✔✔The administered activity is greater in children. Reduced concentrations should be used in children. I -131 is contraindicated for use in children because it has been show n to increase the risk of thyroid cancer. I -131 is also contraindicated in pregnant women. Prior to starting a thyroid uptake study should what should be done? - answer✔✔NPO after midnight the day before the exam to aid in uptake. Cessation of thyroid bloc king medications in advance. When should steps be taken to account for body blood pool activity in thyroid uptake and scan and what is the formula? - answer✔✔Prior to 24 hours measurement may be taken to account for body blood pool activity, after 24 hours there is no need to account for body blood pool activity. (Number of counts in the thyroid - Number of counts in the thigh)/(# of counts in the standard) x 100 List factors that affect iodine uptake. - answer✔✔Medications (corticosteroids, amiodarone, synthroid, iodinated contrast) BETABLOCKERS DO NOT INTERFERE AND CAN BE TAKEN PRIOR TO SCAN, large meals before or after taking iodine (decreases absorption of iodi ne), Chronic renal insufficiency (not able to excrete iodine normally, larger circulating pool of iodine then results in decreased radioiodine uptake) In addition to pathologies, what are other causes for increased thyroid uptake? - answer✔✔A rebound in th yroid uptake after removal of a thyroid blocking agent (i.e. methimazole) or thyroid hormone suppression therapy. Also, the recovery phase of thyroiditis. What are some drawbacks in using thyroid uptake and scan in the diagnosis of hypothyroidism? - answer✔✔Due to high amount of iodine in our diets, cannot reliably diagnose hypothyroidism by uptake and scan. Diagnosis requires TSH, T3/T4 levels. What is the half -life of Sodium Fluoride F -18 - answer✔✔109 minutes. This is the same cyclotron produced F18 used in F18 -FDG.
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