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Solution Manual For Chemistry 6th Edition By Julia Burdge Chapter 1-25
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Solution Manual For Chemistry 6th Edition By Julia Burdge Chapter 1-25
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Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Chapter 1 Chemistry: The Central Science Practice Problems C 1.1 (iii) 1.2 (i) and (i) 1.3 pink liquid = grey solid < blue solid < yellow liquid < blue liquid < green solid 1.4 physical: (iii), chemical: (i), (ii) is neither 1.5 12 blue cubes, infinite number of significant figures; 2 × 101 red spheres, one significant figure 1.6 2.4 × 102 lbs. 1.7 2.67 g/cm3 1.8 (a) 4 red blocks/1 object (b) 1 object/1 yellow block (c) 2 white blocks/1 yellow block (d) 1 yellow block/6 grey connectors 1.9 375 red bars; 3500 yellow balls Applying What You’ve Learned a) 220.0 K. b) 0.25°F/decade, 0.36°F/decade. c) 1.22 g/L, 1.22 × 10−3 g/cm3, 1.22 kg/m3. d) 2.7 × 1019 molecules/cm3. 2 Chapter 1 – Chemistry: The Central Science Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. Questions and Problems 1.1 Chemistry is the study of matter and the changes that matter undergoes. Matter is anything that ha s mass and occupies space. 1.2 The scientific method is a set of gu idelines used by scientists to ad d their experimental results to the larger body of knowledge in a given field. The process involves observation, hypothesis, experimentation, theory developm ent, and further experimentation. 1.3 A hypothesis explains observations. A theory explains data from accumulated experiments and predicts related phenomena. 1.4 a. Theory b. Hypothesis c. Law 1.5 a. Hypothesis b. Law c. Theory 1.6 a. O and H b. C and H c.H and Cl d. N 1.7 a. C and O b. F and H c.N and H d. O 1.8 a. Matter is anything that has mass and occupies space. Examples include air, seawater, concrete, an automobile, or a dog . b. A substance is a form of matter that has definite (constant) composition and distinct properties. Examples include iron, silver, water, or sugar . Chapter 1 – Chemistry: The Central Science 3 Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. c. A mixture is a combination of two or more substan ces in which the substances retain their distinct identities. Examples include milk, salt water, air, or steel . 1.9 Examples of homogeneous mixtures: apple juice or root beer . Examples of heterogeneous mixtures: chocolate chip cookie or vinaigrette salad dressing . 1.10 Examples of elements (see the fron t cover for a complete list): oxygen, platinum, sodium, cobalt. Examples of compounds: sugar, salt, hemoglobin, citric acid. An element cannot be separated into simpler substances by chemical means. A compound can be separated into its constituent elements by a chemical reaction. 1.11 There are 118 known elements. 1.12 Li: Lithium F: Fluorine P: Phosphorus Cu: Copper As: Arsenic Zn: Zinc Cl: Chlorine Pt: Platinum Mg: Magnesium U: Uranium Al: Aluminum Si: Silicon Ne: Neon 1.13 a. K (potassium) b. Sn (tin) c. Cr (chromium) d.B (boron)e.Ba (barium)
f.Pu (plutonium) g.S (sulfur) h.Ar (argon) i.Hg (mercury) 4 Chapter 1 – Chemistry: The Central Science Copyright © McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education. 1.14 a. hydrogen: elemen t b. water: compound c.gold: elemen t
d.sugar: compound 1.15 a. The sea is a heterogeneous mixture of seawater and biological matter, but s eawater, with the biomass filtered out, is a homogeneous mixture . b. elemen t c. compound d. homogeneous mixture e. heterogeneous mixture f. homogeneous mixture g. heterogeneous mixture 1.16 a. liquid b. gas c.mixture d. solid 1.17 a. elemen t b. compound c.compound d. elemen t 1.18 a. Chemistry Units: meter (m), centimeter (cm), millimeter (mm) SI Base Unit: meter (m) b. Chemistry Units: cubic decimeter (dm3) or liter (L), milliliter (mL), cubic centimeter (cm3) SI Base Unit: cubic meter (m3)
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