1. cystic fibrosis: effects pancreas, increased mucus
2. Klinefelter syndrome: A chromosomal disorder in which males have an extra X chromosome
3. Turner Syndrome: A chromosomal disorder in females in which either an X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of XX, or part of one Xchr...
WGU D027 OA Exam Study Guide COMPLETE
SOLUTION
1. cystic fibrosis: effects pancreas, increased mucus
2. Klinefelter syndrome: A chromosomal disorder in which males have
an extra X chromosome
3. Turner Syndrome: A chromosomal disorder in females in which
either an X chromosome is missing, making the person XO instead of
XX, or part of one Xchromosome is deleted.
4. Alpha Thalassemia: Severe anemia, do not give ferrous sulfate
5. B and T cells: Mature in bone marrow, the go to thymus/spleen/liver
6. Lichen planus: causes extreme itching
7. Pityriasis Rosea: Itchy patch-like rash in children
8. actinic keratosis: caused by UV exposure, precursor to squamous
cell carci- noma
9. Glucocorticoids: Tx for cancers that arise from lymphoma tissue,
can be toxicities with long term treatment
10.Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators (SERMs): Tamoxifen; used for
pts with hormone-receptor positive breast cancer after mastectomy
11.Normal EF: 55-60%
12.Best way to look at structure/fxn of heart: Echo
13.Left sided heart failure: affects pulmonary vasculature, increased
JVP, S3, rales
14.right sided heart failure: 1. Jungular Vein Distention
2. Ascending Dependent Edema
3.Weight Gain
4. Hepatomegaly (Liver Enlargement)
15.Stage 1 hypertension: 130-139/80-89
16.Stage 2 hypertension: >140 or >90
17.first line HTN drugs: ACE-
I ARB
CCB
Thiazide diuretics
18.Ischemic heart disease: Chest discomfort, physical exam normal;
must take aspirin or another antithrombic
1
, WGU D027 OA Exam Study Guide COMPLETE
SOLUTION
19.EKG changes with MI: ST elevation is usually MI, while ST
depression is angina
20.chronic bronchitis: excess mucus production, chronic productive
cough, smooth muscle hypertrophy
21.Emphysema: decrease in alpha1-antitrypsin
22.Asthma: Obstruction reversible! Know triggers, usually worse at
night
23.common ICS: Budesonide, Fluticasone
24.Common LABAs: Salmeterol, Formoterol
25.Back Pain: Do not give narcotics/opioids; H&P is good for diagnosis
if in first 4-6 wks of pain
26.acromegaly: overproduction of growth hormone
27.Addison's disease: a condition that occurs when the adrenal
glands do not produce enough cortisol or aldosterone
28.Hyperthyroidism: Tx with PTU
29.GFR in CKD: Good >90, Stage 5 <15, need dialysis
30.ACE inhibitors adverse effects: cough, hyperkalemia, fetal injury,
angioede- ma
31.Beta blockers (beta adrenergic antagonist): Propanolol is
nonselective, should not be used in patients with asthma; should be give
to patients for 6 months after AMI
32.Statins: Muscle pain is an emergency -> rhabdo
33.Hemoglobin A1C: Goal <6.5%, poor>9%
34.Sulfonylureas: glipizide, glyburide, glimepiride; increases insulin
secretion by pancreas can cause hypoglycemia
35.Biguanides: Metformin; increases glucose production by liver,
NO risk of hypoglycemia
36.Histamine 1 receptors: mediate smooth muscle contraction and
dilation of capillaries; Antagonists include diphenhydramine and
hydroxyzine
37.Kava: Linked to liver failure
38.Aging: Arthritis is not a normal part of aging; endurance exercise is
2
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