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NR 228 Nutrition Exam 2 (100% verified) A+ grade assured 2024/2025
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NR 228 Nutrition Exam 2 (100% verified) A+ grade assured 2024/2025
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NR 228 Nutrition Exam 2Pregnancy weight gain for normal weight - ANS25-35 lbs
*due to breast feeding and amniotic fluid
Dietary Guidelines for pregnant women - ANS-Avoid foods such as raw eggs, raw meats,
excessive amounts of coffee (only one cup per day)
Vitamins that should not increase during pregnancy are - ANS-Vitamin C (hypercalcemia)
-Vitamin E (fetal heart defect)
-Vitamin K (prolong jaundice)
Preeclampsia nutrition related concerns - ANS-Patient will be put on the DASH diet
(hypertension diet) to help lower BP
-Limit and avoid trans fats, sat. fats, sugar, salt, no fast food, no coffee
-Increase foods rich in potassium, magnesium, and vitamins, fruits and vegetables, whole
grain, protein
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus - ANSRecommended foods to prevent GDM include
carbohydrates, iron, calcium, protein, and fat sources. (simple carbs, fruits and veggies)
Maternal PKU - ANSLack of proper dietary therapy during pregnancy. Findings in infant:
microcephaly, mental retardation, growth retardation, congenital heart defects.
-Pregnant women should not eat foods high in phenylalanine (should only consume 1-4 mg
per day)
-Avoid fish, meat, diet soda, eggs, wheat
-Fruit, vegetables, and low protein foods are okay to eat
Lactation - ANS750-1000mL of breast milk daily
-500 kcal for producing breast milk daily
*avoid foods such as garlic, citrus (lemon/limes), broccoli, spices, and cauliflower because it
may alter taste of breast milk
Infancy birth weight and breast feeding - ANS-first 6 months of life infant should consume
breast milk.
-second 6 months of life infant should consume a combination of breast milk and baby food
Infant Dietary Guidelines - ANS-Solid foods at 4-5 months
-if exclusively breastfeeding, baby should be taking in an iron supplement at 4 months old to
avoid iron deficiency anemia.
Infancy and Fat Consumption - ANS-Fat and cholesterol consumption is important in brain
growth and development and nerve tissue
-If infant is overweight, do not restrict fats
, Baby Bottle Tooth Decay - ANSoccurs when baby goes to bed with a bottle
-bottle before bed should only contain water
Nutrition-Related Concerns: Infancy - ANS-Premature/low-weight = failure to thrive
-if child has PKU, phenyl-free formula should be used
-If baby has galactosemia (lactose intolerant) baby should consume soy formula
Toddlers: 1-3 years old diet - ANS-limit 100% juice: 4-6oz per day
-consume snack foods such as graham crackers, apple slices, and cheese cubes
-Limit milk intake to 24oz per day due to lack of iron
-child should try food product 7-10 times before deciding not to like something
Preschoolers: 4-6 years old diet - ANS-environmental influencer eaters
-avoid eating sugary foods while watching tv
-healthy plate contains: veggies, fruits, whole grain, healthy protein, water, healthy oils
School age children: 7-12 years old diet - ANS-Concerns are: 10% skipping breakfast and
type of diet they are consuming
-Risk for diabetes and obesity
Adolescence: 13-19 years old diet - ANS- iron, fiber, calcium, protein, and vitamins are
important nutrients to consume
-Calcium intake = 1300 mg daily (3 to 4 servings of dairy products)
-Adolescents reach maximum bone density levels during this time
-Foods high in CA: milk, sardines, cheese, yogurt
Adulthood diet - ANS-important to exercise and eat a balanced diet to avoid cardiovascular
diseases
-calcium is an important vitamin to consume due to bone health
Older adult diet concerns - ANS-arthritis is the most common factor of prevention of eating
well
-decrease in calorie needs
-decrease in nutrient absorption(vitamin B12, B9 (folic acid), and calcium)
-decrease in mass and tone
-oral problems caused by dentures
-medical conditions
Nutritional Guidelines for balanced diet (eldery) - ANS-40-55% carbohydrates
-10-20% fat
-consume whole grains such as brown rice, oat meal, and whole wheat bread
-avoid added sugars especially in fruits
-avoid coconut oil due to high in sat. fat
Elderly Population prevention - ANS-exercise and strength training
-increase water intake for hydration
-weight bearing exercises, increase sun exposure, and consumption of vitamin D reduces
risk for osteoporosis
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