A 1-4 page document written by a final year medical student with distinction grades in the uploaded modules. These notes are concise and of very high quality - using a combination of textbooks, lectures, and current guidelines (NICE and RCOG). These documents are the only resource you should need f...
Miscarriage
Miscarriage = Loss of a recognised IUP before 24 weeks gestaton (i.e. before it is capable of independent
survival, afer which it is known as a ‘stllbirth’/IUFD)
- Early miscarriage (80%) - frst triiester i.e. <12 weeks
o Most likely chromosomal.
o Death of eibryo/foetus before expulsion
- Late miscarriage (20%) - second triiester i.e. week 12-24
o More likely anatomical factors.
o Death of foetus after expulsion.
Epideiiology
15-20% of all known pregnancies iiscarriage
If you’ve had one, the next one is slightly iore likely (~23%)
50-75% of all pregnancies (known and unknown) abort spontaneously, iost unrecognised as it occurs
before/at tie of next ienses
Classifcaton/teriinology of Spontaneous Miscarriage
Threatened miscarriage = Os closed, ieibranes intact Viable
- ANY PV bleeding (+/- pain) before 24 weeks
- 50% will iiscarry (although lower risk if foetal heart beat seen)
- Those who don’t iiscarry have high risks of preteri delivery, low birthweight, and perinatal death.
Missed miscarriage = Os closed, lack of norial IUP notced at next antenatal scan Non-viable
- Asyiptoiatc due to placenta not detaching froi the uterus behind a closed os for days or weeks.
- Later there iay be bleeding and brown vaginal discharge.
Inevitable miscarriage = Os open, ieibranes ruptured, foetus not yet expelled Non-viable
Incomplete miscarriage = Os open, products partally expelled (usually between week 6-14) Non-viable
Complete miscarriage = Os closed, products coipletely expelled (usually <6 or >14 weeks) Non-viable
Recurrent miscarriage = 3 consecutve iiscarriage (Usually due to APLS. Should be referred for further
investgaton).
Septic miscarriage = iissed or incoiplete iiscarriage which has becoie infected. Woien present with
fever, leucocytosis, uterine tenderness, and foul-sielling discharge.
Aetology
Idiopathic
Foetal factors:
- Chromosomal (50%) - autosoial trisoiies (13, 16, 18, 21, 22), ionosoiies (45X).
- Developmental – abnoriality of zygote, eibryo, early foetus, or even placenta (e.g. blighted ovui –
eibryo never develops or is reabsorbed/degenerated)
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller MedStudentUK. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $4.02. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
