NUR 2459 Rasmussen Mental Health Exam 1 Modules 1-3
Comprehensive Questions and Answers 100% Accuracy |
Updated 2024.
what are some psychiatric historical events that have occurred in the early psychiatric era?
18th century- state asylums created, 600,000 residents were in them, 1st school or psychiatric nursing
was created in 1882, deinstitutionalization, shift in role of the nurse from custodial care to professional
care.
explain what early use of phenothiazine was for in early psych nursing.
it was discovered to help control psychotic behaviors and improve/ clear thinking.
what were the two nursing interventions associated with somatic therapy in early psych nursing?
insulin therapy
ECT therapy
explain significance of insulin therapy in the early psych era.
insulin was administered until the client was comatose, this could kill the patient because the blood
sugar could drop below normal levels, but it helped relive psych symptoms.
explain significance of early ECT therapy.
an electrical stimulus was given to the brain with the result of a grand-map seizure. now we can control
the shock given and give medications to sedate the client and stimulate the seizure and for proper
monitoring throughout the procedure.
explain what deinstitutionalization is.
there was a massive discharge of psychiatric patients from mental hospitals back to their original
communities.
what is significant about the impact of deinstitutionalization?
many of the psych patients who needed services were forced onto the streets, potentially leading them
to more harm and crime.
3 main reasons deinstitutionalization was initiated.
the belief that treatment in the hospitals was inhumane
hope that medications would offer a cure
lack of funding at the state and federal level
what is the order of maslows hierarchy of needs bottom to top?
physiological needs-safety need- love and belong needs- self esteem- self actualization
,what is important to know about maslows hierarchy of needs?
motivation is continuous quest for self actualization, can reverse levels based on life circumstances,
lower level needs must be met first before advancement to higher level psychological needs.
examples of psychotherapy
behavioral therapy, cognitive therapy, didactical behavior therapy
based on a verbal therapist to client interaction
examples of open environment therapies
family, group and milieu therapy
examples of Brian stimulation techniques
ECT, trans-cranial magnetic stimulation, vagus nerve stimulation
explain what behavioral therapy is.
aims to modify maladaptive behavior patterns.
based that a behavior is learned and has consequences and abnormal behavior results from an attempt
to avoid painful feelings and reduce anxiety.
what is the nurses role with behavioral therapy?
Role of the nurse: to use the nursing process to assist the client with behavior modification. This can be
through 1 on 1 groups, different ways like classical and operant conditioning
explain what cognitive therapy is.
focuses on individual client thoughts and behaviors to solve current problems.
Based on changing the way one thinks.
what is the role of the nurse with cognitive therapy?
the nurse will plan psychoeducation, use of the therapeutic relationship and counseling interventions.
They also reevaluate to determine if intervention was successful with the therapy.
explain what cognitive behavioral therapy is (CBT)
uses both cognitive and behavioral approaches to assist a client with anxiety management.
explain what family therapy is
therapy based on family dynamics and improving family functioning by learning the ways for dealing
with mental illness in the family, improving understanding among family members, maximizing positive
interaction with family members.
explain what milieu therapy is
creates an environment that is supportive and therapeutic and safe to benefit clients and promote
coping within a safe place.
, explain what group therapy is
therapy focused on helping individuals develop more functional and satisfying reactions within a group
setting with common feelings, experiences and thoughts that lead to positive behavior changes from
interaction and feedback.
explain what ECT is used today
the induction of a grand-mal seizure through the application of electrical currents to the brain during
anesthesia.
Electrodes are placed bilaterally and an appropriate dose of electrical current is sent through the brain to
enhance the effects of certain neurotransmitters.
what types of disorders can ECT help with?
Used as a last resort in depression, mania, schizophrenia, and psychosis when medication and treatment
has failed.
side effects from ECT
confusion and memory loss, headache
what is the role of the nurse during ECT?
often during the pre-op and post-op phases. Complete assessment should be completed before the
client goes back to the procedure, including medication reconciliation and a signed consent form. places
the IV, gives pre procedure medications, takes vitals before and after procedure. after procedure : placing
the patient on the side, orient the client, describe what happened, allow the patient to have therapeutic
communication based on their feelings, assisting them as needed until fully awake.
what will actually happen during the ECT procedure?
When in the treatment room, the nurse will help position the patient while the CRNA gives the patient a
short acting anesthetic and medication to induce the seizure.a bp cuff, pulse ox and oxygen may be given
as needed and a bite block and electrodes to monitor EKG.once asleep, the provider will decide how
much electricity the client will get and will shock the client and monitor for any changes, the CRNA will
wake the patient up when finished, all people in the room will monitor for adverse reactions.
medications that may be given during ECT
atropine sulfate, succinylcholine, sedative medication and medication to help client relax.
what is trans-cranial magnetic stimulation?
a noninvasive therapy that uses magnetic pulsations to stimulate the cerebral cortex of the brain for
those with depression who have not been responsive to medications.
What is vagus nerve stimulation?
provides electrical stimulation through the vagus nerve of the brain through a surgically implanted
device to increase neurotransmitter levels to treat depression resistant to other methods of treatment
and medication.
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