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BTM 200 BIOLOGY NYA BIOMOLECULES LABORATORY EXERCISE 2 LAB # Concordia University
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BTM 200 BIOLOGY NYA BIOMOLECULES LABORATORY EXERCISE 2 LAB # Concordia University
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BTM 200 BIOLOGY NYA BIOMOLECULES LABORATORY EXERCISE 2 LAB# Concordia University
OBJECTIVES:
1. Recognize and reproduce 3-dimensional representations of the building blocks of
carbohydrates, lipids and proteins.
a. Define monomer, polymer and name the groups of monomers and polymers used
in this lab.
2. Describe the process of dehydration synthesis and hydrolysis and explain how they relate
to the building and breakdown of each group of molecules.
3. Compare and contrast the structure and function of carbohydrates, lipids and
proteins.
a. Define glycosidic bond (1-4 alpha and beta, 1-6 alpha), ester linkage, and
peptide bond.
b. Identify each of the following functional groups: C-H hydrocarbon; -OH
hydroxyl; -COOH carboxyl; -CH3 methyl; NH2 amino.
4. Explain the difference between alpha- and beta-bonded glucose and how this relates to the
function of starch and cellulose.
5. Conduct an enzyme assay and describe the influence of temperature on enzyme
activity.
a. Describe the role of amylase in the digestion of dietary starch.
6. Explain the structure and function of triglycerides, and differentiate saturated and
unsaturated fatty acids.
a. Describe the structure of milk fat globules and understand their importance in the
nutritional properties of milk.
INTRODUCTION
Most biomolecules are considered macromolecules: large (“macro”) organic molecules, often
polymers, formed from smaller chemical units called monomers, or subunits (or “building blocks”).
Thus, many monomers are bonded together to form a single polymer. For example, a protein is
polymer of many amino acid monomers covalently bonded together and folded into a specific shape.
Macromolecules are made by dehydration synthesis. Dehydration synthesis is a type of reaction in
which monomers join together into polymers while losing water molecules. This process is carried out
by losing (-OH) from one of the monomers and (H) from another monomer. The two unstable
, monomers join together, and the (-OH) and (H) combine forming water (H2O). For example, A-OH + B-
H → AB + HOH.
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