pg. 1 NGN ATI PN Pediatric 2023 Questions And Answers ( Expert s Verified Version) A nurse is caring for a 4 -year -old child with cystic fibrosis. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care? A) Encouraging increased fluid intake B) Limiting physical activity C) Administering iron supplements D) Encouraging a high -fat diet Answer: A) Encouraging increased fluid intake Explanation: Increased fluid intake helps to thin respiratory secretions in children with cystic fibrosis, making it easier to clear mucus from the lungs. A nurse is assessing a 6 -month -old infant. Which developmental milestone should the nurse expect the infant to achieve at this age? A) Walking independently B) Rolling over C) Speaking in short sentences D) Feeding self with a spoon Answer: B) Rolling over Explanation: By 6 months of age, infants typically achieve the milestone of rolling over from their back to their stomach and vice versa. A child is diagnosed with acute otitis media. Which of the following symptoms is commonly associated with this condition? A) Runny nose B) Sore throat pg. 2 C) Ear pain D) Abdominal pain Answer: C) Ear pain Explanation: Acute otitis media is characterized by inflammation and infection of the middle ear, often resulting in ear pain. A nurse is caring for a child with suspected meningitis. Which of the following assessments is a priority? A) Checking the child's temperature B) Assessing for nuchal rigidity C) Observing for petechiae D) Monitoring for signs of dehydration Answer: B) Assessing for nuchal rigidity Explanation: Nuchal rigidity, or neck stiffness, is a classic sign of meningitis and is considered a priority assessment as it indicates meningeal irritation. A child with asthma is prescribed albuterol inhaler as a rescue medication. Which action should the nurse instruct the child to take before using the inhaler? A) Take a deep breath and hold it for 10 seconds B) Shake the inhaler vigorously for 30 seconds C) Exhale fully before inhaling the medication D) Prime the inhaler by spraying it into the air Answer: C) Exhale fully before inhaling the medication Explanation: Instructing the child to exhale fully before inhaling the medication helps to ensure optimal delivery of the medication to the lungs. pg. 3 A nurse is providing discharge teaching to the parents of a child with asthma. Which statement by the parents indicates understanding of the teaching? A) "We'll give our child a rescue inhaler whenever he has trouble breathing." B) "We'll limit our child's physical activity to prevent asthma attacks." C) "We'll make sure our child uses his inhaler after he has an asthma attack." D) "We'll avoid triggers such as dust and pet dander in our home." Answer: D) "We'll avoid triggers such as dust and pet dander in our home." Explanation: Avoiding triggers that can exacerbate asthma symptoms is an important part of asthma management. A nurse is caring for a child with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. Which intervention is a priority for this child? A) Administering antiviral medication B) Providing supplemental oxygen as needed C) Encouraging frequent handwashing D) Placing the child in isolation precautions Answer: B) Providing supplemental oxygen as needed Explanation: Respiratory support, such as supplemental oxygen, is a priority intervention for infants with RSV bronchiolitis to ensure adequate oxygenation. A child is diagnosed with chickenpox. Which intervention should the nurse implement to prevent the spread of infection? A) Administering prophylactic antibiotics to close contacts B) Applying calamine lotion to the skin lesions C) Isolating the child in a negative pressure room D) Encouraging frequent handwashing Answer: D) Encouraging frequent handwashing
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