250 Final Exam 2024/2025 with 100% correct answers
which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not, or cannot, be exposed to heat or water?
A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection. Which of the following would b...
250 Final Exam 2024/2025 with 100% correct
answers
1). Which of the following is used to sterilize items that should not, or cannot, be exposed to
heat or water?
Ans: ethylene oxide
2). A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be
administered by injection. which of the following would be the most effective and safest
means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication?
Ans: filtration
3). Why are endospores used to measure the effectiveness of autoclave sterilization?
Ans: endospores are very hard to destroy
4). Which of the following is an example of pasteurization?
Ans: heat is used to kill potential pathogens in apple juice
5). Which is correct regarding the rate of microbial death?
Ans: cells in a culture die at a constant rate?
6). Which of the following factors will influence the action of antimicrobial agents?
Ans: - the number of microorganisms
-the type of microorganisms present
- temperature and ph
- mode and dosage of the agent
7). Which of the following is not a target of drugs that inhibit protein synthesis?
Ans: interference with alanine - alanine bridges in tetrapeptide
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, 8). An antibiotic is
Ans: a naturally occurring compound that kills microbes or inhibits their growth
9). An antimicrobial that inhibits cell wall synthesis will result in which of the following?
Ans: cells become more susceptible to osmotic pressure
10). Which of the following is not an approach to combat drug-resistant bacteria?
Ans: flood a patients system with healthy bacteria to quickly remove access to
nutrients and starve the pathogen
11). The mechanism of action of the antibiotic rifampin (used to treat tuberculosis infections)
is
Ans: inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis
12). The mechanism of action of the antimicrobial amphotericin b id
Ans: disruption of the cytoplasmic membrane
13). Which of the following statements about drug resistance is incorrect?
Ans: it is not found in gram-positive bacteria
14). Drug-resistant populations of microbes arise when
Ans: exposure to drugs selectively kills sensitive cells, allowing overgrowth of
resistant cells
15). A compound is extracted from a microbial culture and is modified in the laboratory for use
as an oral medication. this product would be a
Ans: semisynthetic antimicrobial
16). Which group of synthetic antimicrobials act as anti-metabolic drugs because they are
structural analogs of para-aminobenzoic acid (paba)?
Ans: sulfonamides
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, 17). Which group of antimicrobials prevent the formation of a peptide bond in protein
synthesis?
Ans: chloramphenicol
18). Microbes known as resident microbiota are
Ans: microorganisms that remain with the person throughout most of their life
19). Biological transmission differs from mechanical transmission in that biological
transmission
Ans: involves reproduction of a pathogen in an arthropod vector prior to transmission
20). The incidence (new cases) of scarlet fever in the year 2000 in the united states was
12.43/100,000 cases. this means
Ans: there were 12.43 new cases of scarlet fever for every 100,000 people in the
United States in the year 2000
21). Which of then following situations is not a way in which a baby acquires normal
microbiota?
Ans: microbes cross the placenta during pregnancy
22). A potential antimicrobial drug is tested and found to strip away the capsules made by
certain pathogenic bacteria. how would this drug affect the bacteria's ability to cause
disease?
Ans: the phagocytes would be better able to ingest the bacteria
23). Properties that contribute to virulence
Ans: are determined by both the microbe and the host, and may evolve over time.
24). The bacterium that causes tuberculosis can be expelled from the lungs by a cough and
remain viable in the air for an hour or more. if a person inhales the bacteria from the air,
then _______ transmission has occurred
Ans: airborne
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