February 7th, 2024
Photosynthesis : “Photo” is light “synthesis” is putting simple molecules to make a more
complicated molecule
How much energy is in CO2 and water in order to make sugar?
CO2 + H2O (Water) delta G is positive (reaction that requires energy)
- The product which is sugar has more energy than the reactant which are carbon dioxide
and water
- The reactant like carbon dioxide and water have less energy than sugar (endergonic
reaction)
In this case, what happens to carbon dioxide and water? What kind of chemical reaction
Water is oxidized
Carbon dioxide is reduced
Carbon dioxide gains electrons
Water loses electrons - water become free
Light energy (ultimate form of energy of life)
- Sugar are the building blocks of everything else that is made
- Any organism capable of photosynthesis is Autotroph (meaning) independent of
another living organism
- Any organisms that requires another organism for its survival is heterotrophs
- WE humans are heterotrophs
ANY organism that can convert carbon dioxide to sugar through photosynthesis either using
water or SH2 (hydrogen sulfate) those are heterotrophs (making sugar, the building block of
life)
Proteins, Fatty acids are derived from sugar.
SUGAR is the building block of the chemical compound that gives rise to ife
Any organism that CAN MAKE SUGAR IS Autotroph
Any organism that is dependent from another organism is heterotroph
Light ENERGY is the ultimate form of energy
& sugar are the building blocks of life
, Slide: Energy flow in our ecosystem
- REMEMBER: If plants produce sugar and accumulate it, the plants stop the production
of sugar photosynthesis
- Photosynthesis will only continue if the sugar is broken down back to carbon dioxide
and water
- There must be a balance between anabolism and catabolism
- Photosynthesis is Anabolic
- Respiration is Catabolic
- All the processes that happens in a living organism is the balance between the two, If
one goes out of balance the other gets inhibited
- Plants produce sugar but the sugar that is produced in chloroplast has to be converted
back to carbon dioxide and water in mitochondria
- The overall reaction increases entropy (every breakdown of complex molecules releases
some energy as HEAT)
- HEAT energy (you cannot directly use it, it is random molecules so it’s entropy)
increasing entropy in the world
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