NURS 242 Exam 1- Ethics, Leadership, & Management,
Questions and Correct Answers With Rationale. Updated 2024
With Complete Solution Updated 2024/2025.
A nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse
and refuses to take action. This is an examples of:
a) moral distress
b) moral indifference
c) ethical dilemma
d) moral conflict
a) moral distress
*she knows the action is wrong but is still not doing the right thing
*occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the morally appropriate
action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner contrary to your personal and
professional values. You know what to do, but believe you cannot do it due to internal or
external barriers
What term occurs when you are unable to act upon what you believe is the
morally appropriate action to take or when you otherwise act in a manner
contrary to your personal and professional values. You know what to do, but
believe you cannot do it due to internal or external barriers?
*Self doubt, lack of assertiveness, and the perception of powerlessness are
examples of internal barriers. Inadequate staffing, lack of organizational support,
poor relationships with colleagues, and policies that conflict with the care needs
of patients are examples of external barriers.
Moral distress
*ex: nurse witnesses another nurse providing care without proper hand hygiene and
reports this to the charge nurse. The charge nurse is friends with the other nurse and
refuses to take action
A nurse-manager who makes decisions based on what will benefit the majority of
the nurse manager's subordinates is using what type of theical framework for
decision making?
a) intuitionist
b) duty based
c) rights based
d) utilitarianism
d) utilitarianism
Which is not an element of ethical decision making?
a) beneficence
b) utility
c) paternalism
d) pragmatism
,d) pragmatism
Nancy is a loyal and trustworthy nurse that performs the duties that are expected
of her. Which principle of ethical reasoning is Nancy displaying?
a) justice
b) nonmaleficence
c) fidelity
d) beneficence
c) fidelity
The nurse in a unit is caring for several clients. To distribute nursing care the
nurse used the principle for triage due to the limited availability resources of
resources. The nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) fidelity
b) justice
c) confidentiality
d) veracity
b) justice
Nursing ethics providers the standards for professional behavior and is the study
of principles of right and wrong for nurses. The standards states the duties and
obligations of the nurse should include which of the following?
a) individual
b) client
c) community
d) all of the above
d) all of the above
When does a moral issue become an ethical dilemma?
a) Health care does not have ethical dilemmas
b) When the values of a person change over time
c) There is no acceptable reason for the wrong choice
d) When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
d) When forced to choose between two or more undesirable alternatives
The nurse manager didn't hire Sally, RN for the assistant manager job. The nurse
maager informed Sally that she was a "great fit" but an internal candidate was
selected instead. The real reason Sally, RN wasn't hired was because her drug
test was positive. Which of the principles of ethical reasoning didn't the nurse
manager follow?
a) utility
b) paternalism
c) autonomy
d) veracity
d) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
What term describes the obligation to the truth?
*"truth telling"
Veracity
,A client is advised by the doctor to undergo chemotherapy. An informed consent
is not yet signed. This client requests information related to chemotherapy and
the drugs that will be given to him. The nurse explained the side effects of the
medications. The nurse answered all the questions of the client honestly even
though the client choose not to undergo chemotherapy. Then nurse used which
principle of ethical reasoning?
a) confidentiality
b) veracity
c) justice
d) fidelity
b) veracity
*it is the obligation to tell the truth; "truth telling"
*the nurse is displaying truth telling by explaining the effects of chemo
Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions. The nurse is promoting which ethical principle?
a) autonomy
b) nonmaleficence
c) justice
d) beneficence
b) nonmaleficence
*it directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others, including even the risk of harm
What ethical principle directs us to act in ways that avoid harm to others,
including even the risk of harm?
a) respect for persons
b) nonmaleficence
c) beneficence
d) justice
b) nonmaleficence
*ex: Nurse Bobby avoids deliberate harm and risk of harm during his performance of
nursing actions
Which statement by the charge nurse indicates that they are an autocratic
leadership style?
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
b) "I don't care how the work is done as long as it is completed on time"
c) "I would like to talk to you about your ideas on a new staffing mix"
d) "I think we should have a port luck lunch tomorrow because it is Saturday"
a) "you must complete all the a.m. care before you take your morning break"
*it is when they make all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to
be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the
threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision
needs to be made quickly.
, What leadership style makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with
the tasks to be accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating
them through the threat of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often
use when a decision needs to be made quickly.
Autocratic leadership style
-Advantages: decisive; effective for emergencies, new employees, and large group;
may decrease perceptions of favoritism;
-Disadvantages: takes away choice and group involvement (doesn't promote teamwork)
; followers may perceive that opinion doesn't matter
What leadership style is effective for emergencies, new employees, & large
groups BUT takes away choice and group involvement?
a) democratic
b) autocratic
c) laissez-faire
d) transactional
b) autocratic
*this leader makes all decisions and are generally most concerned with the tasks to be
accomplished. Maintain distance from their followers, motivating them through the threat
of punishment and offer of rewards and incentives. Often use when a decision needs to
be made quickly.
The critical care unit is having problems with staff members clocking in late and
clocking out early from the shift. Which statement by the charge nurse indicates
they have a democratic leadership style?
a) "you cannot clock out 1 minute before your shift is complete"
b) "as long as your work is done you can clock out any time you want"
c) "we are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
d) "the clinical manager will take care of anyone who clocks out early"
c) "we are going to have a meeting to discuss the clocking in process"
*it involves followers in the decision making processes by using a participatory
leadership style. Show more concerned about followers than do autocratic leaders.
Useful when the followers are experienced workers, particular when they have
professional education and socialization.
The psychiatric unit staff is upset about the new charge nurse that just sits in the
office all day. One of the staff members informs the clinical manager about the
situation. Which statement by the clinical manager indicates a laissez-faire
leadership style?
a) "I will schedule a meeting to discuss the concerns of the charge nurse"
b) "I hired the new charge nurse and she is doing what I told her to do"
c) "you and the staff really should take care of this situation on your own"
d) "I will talk to the charge nurse about your concerns and get back to you"
c) "you and the staff really should take care of this situation on your own"
Which of the following is a characteristic of a leader?
a) always assigned a position of authority
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