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Hondros Bio 254 Exam 2 With 100% Correct And Verified Answers 2024
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Hondros Bio 254 Exam 2 With 100% Correct And Verified Answers 2024
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Hondros Bio 254 Exam 2 With 100%Correct And Verified Answers 2024
Function of Osteoclasts - Correct Answer-Chew up bone, secretes an acidic substance
that dissolves "chews" up bones
Three layers of muscle - Correct Answer-Epimysium, Perimysium, Endomysium
Fascicle - Correct Answer-bundle of muscle fibers
myofibril is made up of - Correct Answer-myofilaments
Myofilaments - Correct Answer-The contractile proteins, Actin and Myosin, of muscle
cells
Origin - Correct Answer-Attachment of a muscle that remains relatively fixed during
muscular contraction
Insertion - Correct Answer-Point of attachment that moves when the muscle contracts
Prime Mover - Correct Answer-The muscle that acts as the initial and main source of
motive power.
Antagonist - Correct Answer-Performs the opposite of action
Lever system components - Correct Answer-Lever, Effort, Load
Muscles - Correct Answer-Moves skeleton & Substances.
Heat Production
Posture - Correct Answer-Are always contracting, unless we are lying down.
Characteristics of Skeletal of Muscle cells - Correct Answer-Excitability, Contractility,
Extensibility
Excitability (irritability) - Correct Answer-Ability to be stimulated
Contractility - Correct Answer-Ability to contract, or shorten & produce body movement
Extensibility - Correct Answer-Ability to extend, or stretch, thereby allowing muscles to
return to the their resting place length
Sarcolemma - Correct Answer-Plasma membrane of the muscle fibers
, Where does excitation of muscle occur? - Correct Answer-NMJ (neuromuscular
junction)
Excitation of Muscle part 1 - Correct Answer-In response to a Action Potential (AP) a
motor neuron releases Acetylcholine. The Acetylcholine crosses the synaptic cleft and
binds to receptors on the plasma lemma.
Excitation of Muscle part 2 - Correct Answer-The AP triggers the release of Calcium
from the Sarcoplasmic Reticulum (SR), which in turns causes sodium to rush into the
sarcoplasm which causes depolarization. The AP travels up through the T-tubules
(transverse tubules).
Muscle Plasma Membrane - Correct Answer-Sarcolemma
Muscle Cell Cytoplasm - Correct Answer-Sarcoplasm
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) - Correct Answer-the enzyme that breaks down
acetylcholine in the synaptic cleft
Epiphysis - Correct Answer-End of a long bone
Homeostasis of the calcium ion concentration is essential for: - Correct Answer-*Bone
formation, remodeling, and repair
*Blood clotting
*Transmission of nerve impulses
*Maintenance of skeletal and cardiac muscle contraction
Parathyroid hormone - Correct Answer-Stimulates OSTeoClasts to breakdown bone
matrix and increase blood calcium levels
Calcitonin - Correct Answer-Protein hormone produced in the thyroid gland
Produced in response to high blood calcium levels
Stimulates bone deposition by OSTeoBlasts
Inhibits osteoclast activity
Osteoblast - Correct Answer-bone-forming cell
Osteoblast get trapped in? - Correct Answer-Collagenous fibers become embedded in
the ground substance and constitute the bone matrix
Osteocytes - Correct Answer-mature bone cells found in lacunae
Osteoclasts - Correct Answer-Bone-destroying cells
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