A 16 year old has just moved schools. He is quiet, moody and not like himself at all. Within six months he
seems to have completely changed back to his previous personality. What is the most likely diagnosis? -
Adjustment disorder
What is the prophylactic antibiotic most commonly given before a ...
PACKRAT Exam Questions | 100% Correct Answers | Verified | Latest 2024 Version A 16 year old has just moved schools. He is quiet, moody and not like himself at all. Within six months he seems to have completely changed back to his previous personality. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Adjustment disorder What is the prophylactic antibiotic most commonly given before a dental procedure if one is necessary? - ✔✔Amoxicillin 2 grams po 1 hour before procedure Wilson's disease is associated with a build up of what mineral? - ✔✔There is a deficiency of the copper binding protein and therefore a buildup of copper. Name one oral medication that can be used for MRSA. - ✔✔Linezolid (Zyvox) and Bactrim Which cardiac medication is used to help with cardiac contractility after you have optimized most of the other cardiac medications? - ✔✔Digoxin What medication used in hepatitis B infection helps prevent the need for liver transplant? - ✔✔Lamivudine How is celiac disease most commonly diagnosed? - ✔✔Endoscopic biopsy Mononucleosis A 14 year old field hockey player presents with prominent adenopathy, white purple exudates in the throat and a palpable spleen. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Wernicke's aphasia A patient presents with what appears to be an inability to understand speech. Which aphasia should be at the top of your differential? - ✔✔It is blood in the joint indicating a fracture even if the fracture line cannot be seen. A fat pad sign on a lateral x -ray of the elbow has what significance? - ✔✔It is blood in the joint indicating a fracture even if the fracture line cannot be seen. A corkscrew appearance on barium study should make you think of what diagnosis? - ✔✔Esophageal spasms What is the treatment for Turner's syndrome? - ✔✔Cyclical estrogen and progesterone What is the gold standard for diagnosing myocarditis? - ✔✔Myocardial biopsy By what age should a child be able to hold up her head? - ✔✔3 months On physical exam, you notice ulnar deviations and swan neck deformities. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Rheumatoid arthritis What is the most accurate way to diagnose urethritis? - ✔✔Urine PCR You hear a loud harsh holosystolic murmur in a child. It is heard best at the LLSB. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Ventricular septal defect The accessory pathway known as the James bundle should make you think of what syndrome? - ✔✔Lown -Ganong -Levine syndrome A Blalock procedure is used to correct what congenital heart condition? - ✔✔Tetralogy of Fallot What medication can be used to control bleeding due to uterine atony? - ✔✔Oxytocin (Pitocin) What is the most common cause of a folate deficiency? - ✔✔Alcoholism List three risk factors for placental abruption. - ✔✔HTN, smoking, AMA, cocaine use, PROM What ejection fraction is typical for a patient with CHF? - ✔✔35-40% What is the major concern with using lithium? - ✔✔It has a very narrow therapeutic window. Blood tests are needed every four weeks. List the four most common places lung cancer will metastasize to. - ✔✔Bone, brain, adrenals and liver What is the main risk factor for esophagitis? - ✔✔Immunocompromised patient An EKG shows a regular rate of 50 beats per minute. The QRS is narrow and there is no visible P wave. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Junctional rhythm List two diagnoses which require antibiotic prophylaxis for "dirty procedures?" - ✔✔Prosthetic valve, valve repair with any prosthetic material, prior endocarditis diagnosis, congential cyanotic heart defect Does a patient with mitral valve prolapse require prophylactic antibiotics for dental work? - ✔✔No, a recent change moves mitral valve prolapse from high risk to moderate risk. A pregnant woman and cat litter should make you think of what diagnosis? - ✔✔Toxoplasmosis What two valvular issues do patients with Marfan's syndrome often have? - ✔✔Aortic regurgitation and mitral valve prolapse (you can tell them apart by where they are heard). What is the most common cause of sudden cardiac death? - ✔✔Ventricular fibrillation A positive straight leg test indicates what diagnosis? - ✔✔Herniated disc What two psychiatric issues are more common in males than females? - ✔✔Autism and ADD, the rest are all either equal or more common in females. How long must symptoms last before diagnosing ADD? - ✔✔6 months What are the two most common organisms responsible for cellulitis? - ✔✔Strep and Staph Does total lung capacity go up or down in COPD? What organism causes Lyme disease? - ✔✔It goes up. What organism is most commonly responsible for community acquired pneumonia? - ✔✔Borrelia burgdorferi An EEG showing focal rhythmic discharges at the onset of the seizure should make you think of what diagnosis? - ✔✔Strep pneumoniae What is the normal range for MCV? - ✔✔Simple partial seizure A patient's lab work shows positive Smith antibody and positive double -stranded DNA antibodies. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔80-100 Lupus You hear a continuous machine -like murmur. What is the most likely diagnosis? - ✔✔Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) How do you administer the Weber hearing test? - ✔✔Tuning fork placed in the middle of the forehead By what age should a child be able to kick a ball? - ✔✔24 months A 6 year old boy seems to have all of the symptoms of ADD while at school, but at home he has no problems. Does he have ADD? - ✔✔No, symptoms must occur in both settings for diagnosis. Duchenne's and Becker's muscular dystrophy have what genetic characteristic? - ✔✔X-linked recessive Why is folic acid given as a prenatal vitamin? - ✔✔Low folic acid can lead to neural tube defects. Color blindness is transmitted through what genetic pattern? - ✔✔Dominant X -linked A patient presents with facial paresis, arm drift and abnormal speech. What are the first three tests to order? - ✔✔Thinking of a stroke you order a non -contrast brain CT or MRI, serum glucose and oxygen saturation.
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