Class notes
Cancer immunology notes
- Course
- Institution
Detailed notes on all of the lectures.
[Show more]
Seller
Follow
ninajunakovi
Content preview
STEM CELL BIOLOGYNORMAL HAEMATOPOIESIS
− haematopoiesis = formation of blood in the bone marrow
− hematopoietic stem cell:
o very low numbers
o quiescent → dividing once or twice a year
o present during a full lifetime
o present deep in the bone marrow & divide rarely → protected against mutations
− recognizing blood cell populations:
o CD34+, CD38-, Thy1+, c-Kit+, IL-3R-
o CD38+ → after the first division
o antibody conjugated to a fluorochrome
binding a specific marker
o SCs can’t just be identified by cell surface
markers, only populations can be identified
− specific cell transplantations in mice:
o nucleated cells (effector cells) into
immunodeficient mice → short lifespan
o SCs → all blood lineages (myeloid and
lymphoid) develop after 9 months →
transplantation/reconstitution with 1 cell
, LEUKAEMIA DEVELOPMENT
− disbalance proliferation/differentiation/apoptosis caused by genetic mutations
− >20% undifferentiated cells in the bone marrow
− myeloid vs. lymphoid
− acute (rapid increase) vs. chronic (slower growing disease)
− early days morphological classification → nowadays genetic classification
− symptoms: fatigue, fever, anaemia, swollen lymph nodes, night sweats, pain in joints and bones, loss
of weight, bleeding tendency, enlarged spleen, kidney, and the liver, bone tenderness → very
general complaints
− treatment:
o 2 courses of very intensive chemotherapy + a final course if the patient can take it
o subtype specific treatments (rare)
o mostly allogeneic transplantation, autologous are rarer
− cell of origin:
o multiple mutations and multiple disrupted pathways needed for leukaemia to arise
o possible in short-term SC if there is a mutation in the self-renewal machine
o mutations in the early SC stay present due to self-renewal potential
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller ninajunakovi. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $6.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
80796 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now