Chapter 3: Nursing’s Pathway to Professionalism |Professional Nursing Concepts & Challenges, 9th Edition, Beth Black
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Professional Nursing Concepts
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Professional Nursing Concepts
Chapter 3: Nursing’s Pathway to Professionalism
Professional Nursing Concepts & Challenges, 9th Edition, Beth Black
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?
a. Ministry
b. Teaching
c. Social work
d. Engineering
ANS: A
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Chapter 3: Nursing’s Pathway to
Professionalism
Professional Nursing Concepts & Challenges, 9th Edition, Beth Black
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. Which of the following was recognized earliest as a true profession?
a. Ministry
b. Teaching
c. Social work
d. Engineering
ANS: A
Feedback
A. Historically only medicine, law, and the ministry were accepted as professions.
B. Teaching was not accepted as an early profession.
C. Social work was not accepted as an early profession.
D. Engineering was not accepted as an early profession.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: MCS: 52
2. Which of the following characteristics of a profession were listed in Flexners work on
professions?
a. Activities of professions are more physically than intellectually oriented.
b. Activities of professions are based on their own body of knowledge.
c. Beliefs of professions are more theoretical than practical.
d. Beliefs and traditions are handed down from generation to generation.
ANS: B
Feedback
A. Flexner actually lists intellectual as opposed to physical activities.
B. Flexners characteristics of professions list a body of knowledge that can be
learned and is refreshed and refined through research.
C. Flexner lists practical as well as theoretical beliefs.
D. Flexner stressed that in professions, information is taught through a process of
highly specialized professional education.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: MCS: 53
3. Similarities exist between various ideas about what constitutes a profession. Which of the
following is believed to be a characteristic of a profession?
a. Members have autonomy.
b. Members are trained on the job.
c. Members are motivated primarily by financial reward.
, d. The group lacks a code of ethics.
ANS: A
Feedback
A. A review of the literature on characteristics of a profession yielded these
similarities: service/altruism, specialized knowledge, and autonomy/ethics.
B. Specialized formal education is required.
C. Members are motivated by altruism.
D. Ethics or a code of ethics is a characteristic of professions.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Knowledge REF: MCS: 54
4. Which of the following best describes the difference between an occupation and a
profession?
a. A profession requires a duty to serve.
b. A profession is defined by members average income.
c. In a profession, action is based on intuition.
d. In a profession, knowledge is handed down from generation to generation.
ANS: A
Feedback
A. Profession is defined as a duty, vocation, or form of employment that provides a
needed service to society and possesses characteristics of expertise, autonomy,
long academic preparation, commitment, and responsibility.
B. Average income does not determine the difference between an occupation and a
profession.
C. In a profession, action is based on long academic preparation, a body of
knowledge, and instruction in techniques of the profession, not on intuition.
D. Knowledge is transferred in formal academic preparation, not handed down.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Comprehension REF: MCS: 59
5. According to the nurses Code of Ethics, the hallmark of nursing practice is
a. autonomy.
b. accountability.
c. evidence-based practice.
d. altruism.
ANS: B
Feedback
A. Nurses do not have complete autonomy but work with other disciplines.
B. Individual accountability has become the hallmark of practice. Provision 4 of the
Code of Ethics states, The nurse is responsible and accountable for individual
practice. . .
C. Evidence-based practice is relatively new to nursing.
D. Although important to nursing, altruism is not the hallmark of nursing practice
according to the Code of Ethics.
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