Practice test For C405 Anatomy and Physiology II Chapter 16 with correct answers
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Course
BIO 2011 C405 Anatomy and Physiology II
Institution
BIO 2011 C405 Anatomy And Physiology II
Practice test For C405 Anatomy and Physiology II Chapter 16 with correct answers
How does the endocrine system differ from the nervous system? - correct answer - Nervous System
•Uses electrical chemical signals
•Response is fast and short lived
- Endocrine System
•Uses chemicals ...
Practice test For C405 Anatomy and
Physiology II Chapter 16 with correct
answers
How does the endocrine system differ from the nervous system? - correct answer - Nervous System •Uses electrical chemical signals •Response is fast and short lived
- Endocrine System •Uses chemicals (hormones) •Take longer to get a response, but the effects the effects last longer.
List the major endocrine organs and describe their body locations. - correct answer -Pituitary gland- located in the brain right below the hypothalamus
-Thyroid gland- located in the neck on the front throat.
-Parathyroid hormone- located behind the thyroid glands.
-Adrenal Glands- located on top of the kidneys
-Pancreas- sits behind the stomach
- Ovaries/Testes- both located in the groin region.
Describe how hormones are classified chemically. - correct answer 1. Amino acid derived hormones a. amines- simple b. polypeptides- chain c. glycoproteins- carbs attached to amino acids
2. Steroid Hormones- lipids derived from cholesterol. •testosterone, progesterone, estrogen
Describe the 2 major mechanisms by which hormones bring about their effects on their target tissues. - correct answer 1. The hormones go to receptors in the cell membrane (water soluble
so cannot move across member) (Amino acid based)
2. The hormones go to receptors inside the cells cytoplasm or nucleus. (lipid soluble so can move across cell membrane) (Steroid Hormones)
List the effects hormones can have on their target cells. - correct answer 1) Alter plasma membrane permeability
2) Stimulate protein synthesis inside cell
3) Activate or deactivate enzymes inside calls
4) Induces secretory activity
5) Stimulates mitosis
Explain how hormone release is regulated. - correct answer 2 types of regulation: • Up Regulation- more receptors form in response to a particular hormones • Down Regulation- prolonged exposure to high conc. of polypeptide hormones decreases # of receptors in target cell
- Regulated by negative feedback (low levels= increase, high levels= decrease)
3 major types of stimuli: 1. Humoral Stimuli (changing levels of ions or nutrients in the blood) 2. Neural Stimuli (nervous system stimulates hormone release) 3. Hormonal Stimuli (hormone glands
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