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Fresenius ~ CCHT review exam – Questions and answers
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Fresenius ~ CCHT review exam –Questions and answers
The functional unit of the kidney that does the work - -Nephron
-A nephron is made up of - -A glomerulus and a tubule
-The endrocrine functions of the kidney include - -making erythropoietin
and the active for of Vitamin D
-The leading cause of End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) for adults in the U.S.
- -Diabetes
-Patients with kidney failure often complain of itching, which is likely to be
caused by - -HyperPhosphatemia
-Why do kideny patients often have bone disease - -Kidneys stop producing
calcitriol
-Symptoms that a patient may need more dialysis time include - -Anorexia,
fatigue, swelling
-A semipermeable membrane is a porous barrier that - -allows for only
certain sized particles to cross
-Diffusion is movement of particles - -from an area of higher concentration
to an area of lower concentration
-Negative Pressure is pressure created when - -fluid is pulled through a
restriction
-During Dialysis, ultrafiltration occurs when - -Water is removed from the
blood because there is a pressure gradient between blood and dialysate
-at which point in the extracorporeal circuit is the blood usually under
negative pressure - -The arterial line section before the blood pump
-Which of the following will increase the amount of the solutes that will
diffuse across the semipermeable membrane - -High concentration
gradients
-The components of the dialysate treatment that affect clearance include - -
Dialysate flow, time of treatment, dialyzer size, blood flow rate
, -Two things that affect the dialyzer's ability to remove wastes from the body
include - -Surface area and molecular weight cutoff
-Dialysate is the fluid that helps remove waste products from the body. It
contains a number of substances. What might be prescribed for a dialysate
solution - -Bicarbonate, Sodium, Potassium
-What is the most important safety monitor during a dialysis treatment - -
The dialysis technician
-Dialysate conductivity measures - -the total electrical charge of a solution
-Dialysate that has too much sodium may cause patient injury. Too much
sodium or hypernatremia can cause - -Headaches, high blood pressure, and
shriveling of the red blood cells
-Dialysate that has too much calcium can cause - -Vomiting, confusion,
irritability
-Dialysate that has too little sodium can cause - -low blood pressure,
cramping, and bursting of Red Blood Cells
-Things that can affect dailysis adequacy include - -time on treatment,
Blood and dialysate flow rates, dialyzer clotting
-normal body temperature taken orally - -98.6 degrees F
-the instrument used for measuring blood pressure is called - -
Sphygmomanometer
-a rapid pulse of 104 beats/min would indicate that the patient has - -
tachycardia
-Seizures during dialysis maybe caused by - -Electrolyte imbalance,
Hypotension, Dialysate composition errors
-the normal range for a resting pulse rate in an adult is - -60 to 100
beats/min
-what will cause an increase in venous pressure during Dialysis - -venous
needle infiltraiton
-you suspect clotting in the dialyzer. The FIRST action you should take is to -
-Rinse the dialyzer with normal saline
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