The notes from lecture 2 of the organic chemistry course. The document contains clear images. Furthermore, it is organized and clearly marked. Most of it is written in English, but it also contains a number of Dutch notes.
Organische chemie
Hoorcollege 2 – 13 feb 2023
Zie pp voor functionele groepen enz – dia 6 t/m 12 en 16+17
Aromatic ring structures:
- Bezeen compound
- Phenyl substituent are called aryl (Ar) rings
Fenol is een aromatic ring met een OH groep.
Aceton is belangrijk.
Isomeren: if it has the same numbers as the type of ring …
Hydrocarbons:
- Alkanes enkele binding
- Alkenes dubbele binding
- Alkynes drie dubbele binding
Functional groups:
- Alcholes OH groep
- Acetals
- Ethers alleen een O in de keten
- Aldehydes and ketons dubbele binding van O aan het eind van molecuul
(aldehyde) of in het midden van molecuul (keton)
- Alkyhalides
- Amines NH2 groep
- Nitro compounds
- Carboxylic acids
- Amides
- Acid chlorides
- Esters
- Nitriles
Naming of organic compounds:
Determine the main chain or ring of C atoms.
Give substituents and their position.
How to define relative positions on aromatic rings:
- Ortho substituens are in 1,2 position
- Meta 1,3 position
- Para 1,4 position
Geometry of bonds: molecule kunnen een verschillende ruimtelijke bouw hebben
- Tetrahedron 4 bindingen
- Triangle 3 bindingen, maximize distance, drie hoeken van 60 graden
- Line 2 bindingen
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