ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
Of the four major blood components, plasma:
a.
is made up of circulating ions.
b.
comprises about 55% of blood volume.
c.
is transported to the cells by serum proteins.
d.
comprises about 45% of blood volume. - ANSWER--ANS: B
Blood has four major components: (1) a fluid component called plasma, (2)
circulating solutes such as ions, (3) serum proteins, and (4) cells. Plasma comprises
about 55% of blood volume and is the transportation medium for important serum
proteins such as albumin, globulin, fibrinogen, prothrombin, and plasminogen. The
hematopoietic cells comprise the remaining 45% of blood volume.
Erythrocytes (RBCs) are flexible biconcave disks without nuclei whose primary
component is an oxygen-carrying molecule called:
a.
erythropoietin.
b.
a reticulocyte.
c.
, ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
hemoglobin.
d.
2,3-DPG - ANSWER--ANS: C
Erythrocytes (RBCs) are flexible biconcave disks without nuclei whose primary
component is an oxygen-carrying molecule called hemoglobin. RBCs are generated
from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth factor called
erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is secreted by the kidney in response to a perceived
decrease in perfusion or tissue hypoxia. Reticulocytes are immature RBCs that may
be released when there is a demand for RBCs that exceeds the number of available
mature cells. The oxygen affinity for hemoglobin is modulated primarily by the
concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) and depends on the blood pH
and body temperature.
Erythrocytes (RBCs) are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence
of a growth factor called:
a.
reticulocytes.
b.
hemoglobin.
c.
2,3-DPG.
d.
erythropoietin. - ANSWER--ANS: D
RBCs are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth
factor called erythropoietin. Erythropoietin is secreted by the kidney in response to
, ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
a perceived decrease in perfusion or tissue hypoxia. Reticulocytes are immature
RBCs that may be released when there is a demand for RBCs that exceeds the
number of available mature cells. The RBC transports hemoglobin, whose function
is the transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide. Hemoglobin binds with oxygen in
the lungs and transports it to the tissues. The oxygen affinity for hemoglobin is
modulated primarily by the concentration of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG)
and depends on the blood pH and body temperature.
The nurse is caring for a patient who has undergone a splenectomy, and notices
that the patient's platelet count has increased. The nurse realizes that the
increase is due to:
a.
platelet response to infection.
b.
stimulation secondary to erythropoietin.
c.
the patient's inability to store platelets.
d.
the platelet's 120-day life cycle. - ANSWER--ANS: C
Two thirds of the platelets circulate in the blood. The spleen stores the remaining
third and may become enlarged if excess or rapid platelet removal occurs. In
patients who have had a splenectomy, 100% of the platelets remain in circulation.
Platelets are the first responders in the clotting response (not infection), and they
form a platelet plug that temporarily repairs an injured vessel. RBCs (not platelets)
are generated from precursor stem cells under the influence of a growth factor
called erythropoietin. Platelets have a life span of 8 to 12 days, but they may be
, ATI MedSurg Test Bank, Hematologic Disorders
540 Questions With 100% Correct Answers And
Elaborations 2024
used more rapidly if there are many vascular injuries or clotting stimuli.
Maturation of RBCs takes 4 to 5 days, and their life span is about 120 days.
The nurse examines the patient's complete blood count with differential analysis
and notices that the patient's neutrophils are elevated, but the lymphocytes are
lower than normal. The drop in lymphocyte count in the differential is most likely
due to:
a.
the increase in neutrophil count.
b.
a new viral infection.
c.
a decreased number of "bands."
d.
the lack of immature neutrophils. - ANSWER--ANS: A
The differential count measures the percentage of each type of white blood cell
(WBC) present in the venous blood sample, the total adding up to 100%. If the
percentage of one type of WBC goes up (neutrophil count), the percentage of the
remaining WBCs must go down as a result of the mathematical function of the
differential. An elevation in the neutrophil count usually indicates a bacterial
infection. "Bands" are immature neutrophils. The phrase "a shift to the left" refers
to an increased number of "bands," or band neutrophils, compared with mature
neutrophils on a complete blood count (CBC) report. This finding generally
indicates an acute bacterial infectious process (not viral) that draws on the WBC
reserves in the bone marrow and causes less mature forms to be released.
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