◦Used to lower cholesterol, blood pressure and reduce heart disease, preventing stomach and colon
cancer
◦Side effects-heartburn, upset stomach, body odor, decreased blood clotting
Ginger
◦Used for nausea, motion sickness, diarrhea, relieves pain, swelling, arthritic stiffness
◦Safe in pregnancy
◦Side effects-gas, bloating, heartburn, nausea
Ginkgo biloba
◦Used for asthma, bronchitis, fatigue, tinnitus, sexual dysfunction, multiple sclerosis, to improve
memory, decrease intermittent claudication
◦Side effects-headache, dizziness, nausea, GI upset, increased bleeding, allergic reactions.
Ginseng
◦Improves well-being, stamina, and immune system, erectile dysfunction, hepatitis C, menopausal
symptoms, lowers glucose and blood pressure
◦Side effects-headaches, GI distress, hypertension, hypoglycemia, breast tenderness, menstrual
irregularities, allergic reactions.
Green tea
◦Improves mental alertness, relieves headache, protects against heart disease and cancer, promotes
weight loss
◦Contains caffeine
◦Adverse effects-liver dysfunction
Licorice root
◦Used for bronchitis, sore throat, stomach ulcers, viral hepatitis.
◦High doses can lead to salt and water retention, hypertension, low potassium level
Kava kava
, ◦Used for relaxation and anxiety
◦Adverse effects include liver damage; dry, scaly, yellowing skin; eye irritation, heart problems
Milk thistle
◦Used for hypercholesterolemia, insulin resistance, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, gallbladder disorders
◦Side effects include upset stomach, hypoglycemia, allergic reactions
St. John's wort
◦Used for mental disorders, nerve pain, sleep disorders, malaria, wounds
◦Drug interactions-antidepressants (serotonin syndrome), birth control pills, cyclosporine, digoxin,
indinavir, irinotecan, drugs for seizure control, and anticoagulants
◦Side effects include anxiety, dry mouth, dizziness, headache, fatigue, sensitivity to sunlight, GI problems,
sexual dysfunction
Turmeric
◦Used for heartburn, stomach ulcers, gallstones, inflammation, cancer.
◦High doses may cause nausea, diarrhea
Valerian
◦Used for anxiety, headache, insomnia, tremors, depression, irregular heartbeat
◦Side effects include headache, dizziness, fatigue, stomach upset
Patient Education
o Do not take if taking prescription drugs without checking with heath care provider
o Do not take if pregnant or nursing
o Do not give herbs to infants/young children
o Some herbal products can alter laboratory test results
o Follow label instructions
o Discontinue if side effects are disturbing and contact health care provider
o Herbs may contain multiple compounds and not on label
oDiscontinue herbal therapy 2 to 3 weeks before surgery
Potassium****
- Primary intracellular cation
- Normal serum range: 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L
- Transmission and conduction of nerve impulses for contraction of skeletal, cardiac, and smooth
muscles, acid base balance
- Take with water; diluted via IV infusion pump; Not crushed; monitor K+, ECG, IV site
- Fruits/Nuts/Spinach
- S/S of excess: paresthesia of body parts
- S/S of depletion: dysthymias
- Affects T wave via ECG
- Treatment: Dextrose + regular insulin IV, sodium bicarbonate, Kayexalate, dialysis
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