Module 2: Vital Signs – “Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care The Basics" by Hartman Publishing, Inc. with Jetta Fuzy, RN, MS
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Course
Hartman\'s Nursing Assistant
Institution
Hartman\'s Nursing Assistant
Module 2: Vital Signs – “Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care The
Basics" by Hartman Publishing, Inc. with Jetta Fuzy, RN, MS
Circulatory System
is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood
through the blood vessels to the cells. The blood carries food, oxygen ...
Module 2: Vital Signs – “Hartman's Nursing Assistant Care The
Basics" by Hartman Publishing, Inc. with Jetta Fuzy, RN, MS
Circulatory System is made up of the heart, blood vessels, and blood. The heart pumps blood
through the blood vessels to the cells. The blood carries food, oxygen and other substances cells
need to function properly.
Circulatory System: Normal Changes of aging -The heart pumps less efficiently
-Blood flow decreases
-Blood vessels narrow
Circulatory Systems: Changes to report -changes in pulse rate
-weakness, fatigue
-loss of ability to perform ADLs
-Swelling of ankles, feet, fingers, or hands (edema)
-Pale or bluish hands, feet, or lips
-Chest pain
-Weight gain
-Shortness of Breath, changes in breathing patterns, inability to catch breath
-severe headache
-inactivity (which can lead to circulatory problems)
Respiratory System The respiratory process begins with inspiration through the mouth or nose.
The air travels through the trachea and into the lungs via the bronchi, which then branch into
bronchioles.
Respiratory system: Normal Changes -Lung strength decreases
-Lung capacity decreases
-Oxygen in the blood decreases
-Voice weakens
Respiratory system: Signs and symptoms to report -Changes in respiratory rate
-Shallow breathing or breathing through pursed lips
, -Coughing or wheezing
-nasal congestion or discharge
-sore throat, difficulty swallowing, or swollen tonsils
Vital signs are the signs of life: They show how well the vital organs of the body, such as the heart
and lungs are working. They consist of body temperature, pulse rate, rate of respiration, blood
pressure, and level of pain.
Importance of vital signs Watching for changes in vital signs is very important. Changes can
indicate a resident's condition is worsening. An NA should always notify the nurse if:
-the resident has fever
-respiratory or pulse rate is too fast or slow
-The blood pressure changes (need to know parameter, but will not learn how to take a blood
pressure.)
-The resident' pain is worse or is not relieved by pain management.
Oral Temperature: normal range for adult 97.6-99.6 degrees F.
Rectal Temperature: Normal range for adult 98.6-100.6 degrees F.
Axillary Temperature: Normal range for adult 96.6-98.6 degrees F.
Tympanic Temperature: Normal range for adult 96.6-99.7 degrees F.
Temporal Temperature: Normal range for adult 97.2 - 100.1 degrees F.
Pulse rate: Normal range for adult 60-100 beats per minute
Respiratory rate: Normal range for adult 12-20 beats per minute
Blood Pressure: Normal Range for adult Between 90/60-130/80
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