ICT3631 Exam pack 2024(Advanced operating system practice exam with questions and answers)
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Course
ICT3631
Institution
University Of South Africa
ICT3631 Exam pack 2024(Advanced operating system practice exam with questions and answers)
With accurate answers and assurance that they are in the exam.
QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS
FOR ASSISTANCE CONTACT
EMAIL:gabrielmusyoka940@gmail.com
, lOMoAR cPSD| 24668432
Question 1: Virtual Memory
a) Define virtual memory and explain its role in operating systems.
b) Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using virtual memory.
Answer 1: Virtual Memory
a) Virtual memory is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of
the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" that "creates the illusion to
users of a very large (main) memory." It allows programs to use more memory than is physically
available by temporarily transferring data from random access memory (RAM) to disk storage.
b) Advantages:
• Enables efficient utilization of physical memory.
• Supports multitasking by allowing multiple processes to run simultaneously.
• Facilitates the execution of large programs that may not fit entirely in RAM.
Disadvantages:
• May lead to slower performance due to the need for constant data swapping between RAM
and disk.
• Increases the complexity of memory management in the operating system.
Question 2: Distributed Systems
a) Define a distributed system and provide an example.
b) Explain the challenges associated with designing and managing distributed systems.
Answer 2: Distributed Systems
a) A distributed system is a collection of independent computers that work together as a single
system. These computers are connected through a network and share resources, information, and
processing capabilities to achieve a common goal. Example: Google's distributed infrastructure for
web search.
b) Challenges:
, lOMoAR cPSD| 24668432
• Communication: Ensuring efficient and reliable communication between distributed
components.
• Consistency: Maintaining consistency in a distributed environment where data is shared
among multiple nodes.
• Fault Tolerance: Handling failures of individual nodes without affecting the overall system.
• Scalability: Ensuring the system can handle an increasing number of nodes and resources.
Question 3: Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS)
a) What is a real-time operating system (RTOS), and how does it differ from a general-purpose
operating system?
b) Provide an example of a real-time operating system application and explain why real-time
capabilities are essential in that context.
Answer 3: Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS)
a) A real-time operating system (RTOS) is designed to meet the stringent requirements of real-
time systems, where tasks must be completed within specific time constraints. Unlike general-
purpose operating systems, RTOS prioritizes predictability and responsiveness.
b) Example: Embedded systems in automotive control, where an RTOS is used to control the
engine, anti-lock braking system, and airbag deployment. Real-time capabilities are crucial in
these applications to ensure timely and predictable responses to inputs, contributing to overall
safety and performance.
ICT 3631 MEMORANDUM ASSIGNMENT 2
Question 1
1.1 Name the systemd initialisation types. (5)
✓ automount
✓ device
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