Hondros Nur 212 Exam 2 100% SOLUTION 2023//2024 Normal creatinine levels? - ANSWER Male: 0.6 -1.2 Female: 0.5 -1.1 Normal GFR? - ANSWER 90 -120ml/min At which GFR level does dialysis begin? - ANSWER 15 S/S of acute glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER Headache, increased BP, facial edema, malaise, low grade fever, weight fain, proteinuria, hematuria, and oliguria S/S of chronic glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER Proteinuria and hematuria Lab findings for glomerulonephritis? - ANSWER Increased B UN, CR Decreased albuminin Common s \e of hemodialysis? - ANSWER Hypotension due to all of the blood and fluids leaving the body Nephrotic syndrome s \s - ANSWER SEVERE proteinuria MASSIVE edema Hypertension, foamy urine, anasarca, ascites Why might medication doses be decreased for a patient with kidney issues? - ANSWER Due to medications not being excreted through kidneys Prerenal causes - ANSWER Due to decreased blood flow to kidneys Cardiovascular disorders, hypovolemia, peripheral v asodilation, renal vascular obstructions, severe vasoconstriction Intrarenal causes - ANSWER Due to damage to the gumeruli, interstitial tissue or tubules (parynchymal damage) Acute tubular necrosis, exposure to nephrotoxins, acute GNP, SLE, obstetric complications, and malignant hypertension Post renal causes - ANSWER Obstruction to the urine collecting system BPH Phases of AKI - ANSWER Oliguric Diuretic Recovery (if not then CKD may develop) Oliguric Phase - ANSWER Urinary changes (output less th an 400ml/day) Lasts 10 -14 days Neck veins distended, bounding pulse, edema, hypertension Increased potassium (causing heart issues!) Diuretic Phase - ANSWER Daily urine output 1 -3 liters may reach 5L or more Monitor for hyponatremia, hypokalemia, and deh ydration as well as hypotension This phase may last 1 -3 weeks Why would calcium gluconate be given to a patient with AKI? - ANSWER Due to hyperkalemia, calcium gluconate raises the threshold at which dysrhythmias occur therefor protecting the heart Nursing interventions for almost all kidney patients - ANSWER Fluid restriction Daily weights If there is abdominal pain during hemodialysis what should the nurse do? - ANSWER Decrease the flow rate What is given to excrete potassium? - ANSWER Kayexel ate What is an important thing to remember for the process of peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER It must be completely STERILE What is a major complication from peritoneal dialysis? - ANSWER Peritonitis If patient begins to have pain or cramping during per itoneal dialysis what should the nurse do? - ANSWER Slow down the infusion rate At what temperature is peritoneal dialysis given? - ANSWER Must be warmed to body temperature
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