Fundamentals Of Nursing Exam 1 Questions And Answers 2024
Review Potter 10th Edition Over 400 Correct Questions and Answers 100% A+
A conclusion about a patient's needs or health problems &/or the decisions to take or avoid action, use or modify standard approaches, or create new approaches based on the patient's response - CORRECT ANSWER-clinical judgment
what separates professional nurses from assistive personnel (AP). - CORRECT ANSWER-
Clinical decision making
• Clinical judgments are influenced by a ------------- than by the objective data about the situation
at hand. - CORRECT ANSWER-nurse's experience & knowledge (knowing how to interpret the data)
• what relies on knowing the patient & his or her typical pattern of response & engaging with the patient about his/her concerns - CORRECT ANSWER-Sound clinical judgment
Clinical judgments are influenced by the --------- setting - CORRECT ANSWER-context of clinical situations & the culture of patient care
Nurses use a variety of reasoning approaches in combination, such as -----------to understand patient problems and create an individualized plan of care. - CORRECT ANSWER-problem solving & reflection
The ability to think in a systematic & logical manner with openness to question & reflect on the reasoning process. - CORRECT ANSWER-critical thinking
Critical thinking involves--------------combined with a willingness to look at each unique patient situation & determine which identified assumptions are true & relevant. - CORRECT ANSWER-
open-mindedness, continual inquiry, & perseverance,
A conclusion about a patient's needs or health problems &/or the decisions to take or avoid action, use or modify standard approaches, or create new approaches based on the patient's response - CORRECT ANSWER-clinical judgement
what influences a nurse clinical judgement? - CORRECT ANSWER-experience & knowledge than by the objective data about the situation at hand,
knowing the patient & their typical pattern of response, engaging with patient about their concern is ? - CORRECT ANSWER-Sound clinical judgment
It allows you to recognize that further observations are needed to clarify information & begin to identify a patient's health problems - CORRECT ANSWER-clinical reasoning include the scientific method, problem solving, & decision making. - CORRECT ANSWER-
nursing process
assessment, diagnosis, planning, implementation, & evaluation - CORRECT ANSWER-five-step
nursing process
what is the purpose of the nursing process ? - CORRECT ANSWER-diagnose & treat human responses (e.g., patient symptoms, need for knowledge) to actual or potential health problems.
what is the 5 elements of critical thinking in nursing judgement ? - CORRECT ANSWER-
competence (e.g., problem solving & clinical decision-making ability), knowledge, experience, attitude & standards (intellectual & professional).
I. Specific knowledge base in nursing
II. Experience
III. Critical thinking competencies A General critical thinking B Specific critical thinking C Specific critical thinking in nursing: nursing process
IV. Attitudes for critical thinking-confidence, independence, fairness, responsibility, risk taking, discipline, perseverance, creativity, curiosity, intellectual integrity, humility.
V. Standards for critical thinking A- intellectual standards clear, precise, specific, accurate, relevant, plausible, logical, deep, broad, complete, adequate, fair, B professional standard 1-
ethical criteria for nursing judgement 2-criteria for evaluation 3- professional responsibility. - CORRECT ANSWER-Components of Critical Thinking in Nursing
what is the first element of critical thinking? - CORRECT ANSWER-competence
A term that describes the coordinated efforts of the musculoskeletal & nervous systems - CORRECT ANSWER-body mechanics
this occurs when the brain gives the bladder permission to empty, bladder contracts, urinary sphincter relaxes, & urine leaves the body through the urethra. - CORRECT ANSWER-
Micturition
what can alter bladder contractility and the ability to sense bladder filling. - CORRECT ANSWER-Diabetes mellitus, multiple sclerosis, & stroke
• Some drugs change the color of urine - CORRECT ANSWER-phenazopyridine-orange, riboflavin-intense yellow).
produced by the kidneys, stimulates red blood cell production & maturation in bone marrow - CORRECT ANSWER-Erythropoietin,
bladder has two parts, a fixed base called the -------- & a distensible body called the -----------. - CORRECT ANSWER-trigone , detrusor
A complex interaction among the bladder, urinary sphincter, & central nervous system - CORRECT ANSWER-Micturition 2
Areas in the brain that are involved in bladder control: - CORRECT ANSWER-cerebral cortex, thalamus, hypothalamus, & brainstem.
the fourth most common type of health care-associated infection, caused by instrumentation of the urinary tract - CORRECT ANSWER-UTIs
dysuria - CORRECT ANSWER-painful urination
polyuria - CORRECT ANSWER-excessive urination
characterized by urgency, frequency, incontinence, or suprapubic tenderness; & foul smelling cloudy urine. - CORRECT ANSWER-(cystitis)
cystectomy - CORRECT ANSWER-removal of the bladder
delivery of nutritional supplements through a central or peripheral intravenous catheter - CORRECT ANSWER-parenteral nutrition (PN)
delivery through a nasogastric, gastrostomy, or jejunostomy tube of high-protein, high-calorie solutions with complete requirements of vitamins, minerals, & electrolytes - CORRECT ANSWER-enteral tube feeding
problem-focused, risk diagnosis, & health promotion are the 3 approved nursing diagnosis by what organization - CORRECT ANSWER-NADA 1
A nurse caring for a client who has an infected wound removes a dressing saturated with blood and purulent drainage. How should the nurse dispose of the dressing material?
A. Discard the dressing in the bedside trash receptacle.
B. Dispose of the dressing in a biohazardous waste container.
C. Enclose the dressing in a single clear plastic bag and discard in the bedside trash receptacle. - CORRECT ANSWER-B. Dispose of the dressing in a biohazardous waste container. A nurse is caring for a female client who has recurrent kidney stones and is scheduled for an intravenous pyelogram. Which of the following statements should the nurse report to the provider?
A. "I drink at least 2 quarts of fluid every day."
B. "The last time I voided it was painful and red-tinged."
C. "My period ended 2 days ago."
D. "I don't eat shellfish because it gives me hives." - CORRECT ANSWER-D. "I don't eat shellfish because it gives me hives."
A nurse is preparing to administer 40 mEq of potassium chloride in 45% sodium chloride (NaCl)
500 mL IV to infuse 10 mEq/hr. The nurse should set the IV pump to deliver how many mL/hr? (Round the answer to the nearest whole number. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)
CALCULATION - CORRECT ANSWER-125 mL/hr
A nurse working for a home agency is assessing an older adult male client. Which of the following findings is the priority for the nurse to address?
A. Swollen gums
B. Pruritus C. Urinary Hesitancy
D. Dysphagia - CORRECT ANSWER-D. Dysphagia
A nurse is going to give a presentation about preventing deep-vein thrombosis (DVT). Which of the following should the nurse include as a risk factor for this disorder? (Select all that apply.)
BMI of 20
Recent long flight
Hypertension
High calcium intake
Immobility - CORRECT ANSWER-Flights
Immobility
A nurse is teaching a client who has a prescription of a nasogastric tube (NG) to treat a pyloric obstruction. Which of the following rationales for the use of the nasogastric tube should the nurse include in the teaching?
A. Determine the pH of the gastric secretions.
B. Supply nutrients via tube feedings.
C. Decompress the stomach.
D. Administer medications. - CORRECT ANSWER-C. Decompress the stomach.
A nurse provides a back massage as a palliative care measure to a client who is unconscious, grimacing, and restless. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as indicating a
therapeutic response? (Select all that apply.)
