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Cognitive Area
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An overview of the core studies in the Cognitive Area of OCR Psychology A Level
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COGNITIVE AREACOGNITIVE AREA
Assumptions:
1. Mental processes are key to understanding human behaviour
● The importance of processes like memory and attention which influence human activity
shown in Loftus and Palmer
2. We can understand our mind as an information processor
● Sometimes referred to as the ‘black box’ analogy where they treat the brain in terms of a
computer with a stimulus, a process and then a response shown in Moray
Strengths:
1. Good scientific status
● High levels of controls and finding a direct causation between the IV and the DV shown in
Loftus and Palmer
2. Opening up the ‘black box’ has extended our understanding of people
● Looking at each individual part of the computer to understand how we work
Weaknesses:
1. The computer analogy breaks down
● Analogy breaks down in some contexts for example when related to emotions and we are
much slower than computers
2. Cognitive reductionism
● The approach ignores numerous other factors that don’t fit into the computer analogy
LOFTUS AND PALMER (1974)
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