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Class notes circuit and network theory
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This document describes capacitative circuits that is electronics, coulombs laws of electronics, capacitance and capacitors, energy stored in capacitors etc.
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EEE/ETI:1202CIRCUITS & NETWORK THEORY I
Lecture 5
, Introduction
• The branch of engineering which deals with the flow of electrons (i.e. electri
current) is called current electricity and is important in many ways. For exampl
it is the electric current by means of which electrical energy can be transferre
from one point to another for utilisation.
• There can be another situation where charges (i.e. electrons) do not move bu
remain static or stationary on the bodies.
• Such a situation will arise when the charged bodies are separated by som
insulating medium, disallowing the movement of electrons.
• This is called static electricity and the branch of engineering which deals wit
static electricity is called electrostatics.
• The most useful outcomes of static electricity are the development of lightnin
rod and the capacitor.
, Electrostatics
• The branch of engineering which deals with charges at rest is called electrostatics.
• When a glass rod is rubbed with silk and then separated, the former become
positively charged and the latter attains equal negative charge.
• It is because during rubbing, some electrons are transferred from glass to silk.
• Since glass rod and silk are separated by an insulating medium (i.e., air), the
retain the charges.
• In other words, the charges on them are static or stationary.
• Note that the word ‘electrostatic’ means electricity at rest.
, Importance of Electrostatics
• A few important applications of electrostatics are :
a) Electrostatic generators can produce voltages as high as 106 volts. Such hig
voltages are required for X-ray work and nuclear bombardment.
b) We use principles of electrostatics for spray of paints, powder, etc.
c) The principles of electrostatics are used to prevent pollution.
d) The problems of preventing sparks and breakdown of insulators in high voltag
engineering are essentially electrostatic.
e) The development of lightning rod and capacitor are the outcomes of electrostatics
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