Precision Nutrition (100% Correct Answers)
Major Limiting Factors Affecting Client Success correct answers physiology, genes, nutrition, exercise, mindset
Energy Balance correct answers bal. between calories consumed and expended
Chronic Positive Energy Balance correct answers weight gain, diabetes, thyroid malfn, plaque and cholesterol buildup, high BP, increased cancer risk
Chronic Negative Energy Balance correct answers exhaustion, interruption of metabolism and other bodily functions, muscle loss, decreased brain fn.
Nutrient Density correct answers Ratio of nutrients to calories.
Caloric Density correct answers Ratio of calories to food weight. High caloric density foods tends to have less water and fiber, less satisfying, usually low-nutrient
3 Main Goals of Healthy Dietary Habits correct answers body composition, health, physical performance
Outcome-based decision making correct answers Tracking and measuring what does and doesn't work for the client
7 levels of bodily organization correct answers Organism-organ systems-organs-tissues-cells-
organelles-chemicals
Metabolism correct answers the reactions that build up and break down the body. the complex of
activities engaged in by the body's system
11 organ systems of the body correct answers Endocrine (hormones-control cellular communication)
Nervous (electrochem cellular communication)
Digestive (break down and absorb nutrients)
Reproductive (human reprod.)
Skeletal (body rigidity and movement)
Muscular (movement)
Urinary (waste)
Immune (fight foreign invaders)
Integumentary (protect body v physical enviro)
Circulatory (transport sys in body)
Respiratory (transport of CO2 and O2)
4 Major Tissue Types correct answers epithelial, connective (joints and fascia), muscle, nervous (brain, nerves) Cell correct answers smallest and most abundant structural unit in body
Organelle correct answers collections of molecules/chemicals that perform various fns within cell, most importantly turning food into ATP, creating proteins, and sending/receiving messages
Macronutrients correct answers protein, carbs, fat
Micronutrients correct answers vitamins and minerals
Phytochemicals correct answers plant chemicals
How nutrients assist our cells correct answers Provide Potential Energy (for reactions), Raw materials (to build up our tissues/organs), act as Co-Factors in chemical reactions, stimulate release of hormones
Enzymes correct answers A kind of protein that catalyzes chemical reactions, often using nutrients from ingested food. Largest group of proteins in body. Work by exposing their "active sites" to connect with specific molecules. "Lock & Key" and "Induced fit" models of connection.
Hormes correct answers chemical messengers
Genetic polymorphisms correct answers sm. genetic differences that lead people to react differently to different foods (e.g., some ppl have a version of a gene that gives them the enzyme that metabolizes caffeine quickly, others slowly
Isothiocyanates correct answers compounds in broccoli that switch on gene in liver that detoxifies potential cancer-causing toxins. Example of how food changes genetic expression (nutrigenomics)
Nutrigenomics correct answers how nutrition influences gene expression. Our genes direct protein-making signals, and our food affects both the signals and the quality of proteins made
Plasma membrane correct answers the cell's fluid-like boundary, a double layer made mainly of phospholipids, with phosphate heads (hydrophilic) and fatty acid tails (hydrophobic) that allow it
to interact with both water- and fat-based molecules; fats we eat affect membrane's flexibility--
sat fat. makes it more rigid :(
Plasma membrane proteins correct answers similar to gates in a fence that selectively allow molecules to pass through into the cell
Cytoplasm correct answers interior of cell, composed of gel called cytosol. The site of many of the body's chemical reactions, and where organelles are suspended within cell. Rich in stored carbs that are broken down by enzymes to provide energy for other reaction cell performs
Mitochondria correct answers Energy production within cells. Oxidizes the cell's stored energy and converts it to ATP
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Mansanto. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $10.29. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
