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NURS 208 Final Exam With 100% Correct And Verified Answers 2024
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NURS 208 Final Exam With 100% Correct And Verified Answers 2024
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NURS 208 Final Exam With 100% CorrectAnd Verified Answers 2024
A nurse working in a primary care facility assesses patients who are experiencing various levels of health and illness. Which statements define these two concepts? Select all that apply.
Health and illness are the same for all people.
Health and illness are individually defined by each person.
People with acute illnesses are actually healthy.
People with chronic illnesses have poor health beliefs.
Health is more than the absence of illness.
Illness is the response of a person to a disease. - Correct Answer-b, e, f. Each person defines health and illness individually, based on a number of factors. Health is more than just the absence of illness; it is an active process in which a person moves toward his or her maximum potential. An illness is the response of the person to a disease.
A nurse working in a hospital setting cares for patients with acute and chronic conditions. Which disease states are chronic illnesses? Select all that apply.
Diabetes mellitus
Bronchial pneumonia
Rheumatoid arthritis
Cystic fibrosis
Fractured hip
Otitis media - Correct Answer-a, c, d. Diabetes, arthritis, and cystic fibrosis are chronic diseases because they are permanent changes caused by irreversible alterations in normal anatomy and physiology, and they require patient education along with a long period of care or support. Pneumonia, fractures, and otitis media are acute illnesses because they have a rapid onset of symptoms that last a relatively short time.
Despite a national focus on health promotion, nurses working with patients in inner-city clinics continue to see disparities in health care for vulnerable populations. Which patients are considered vulnerable populations? Select all that apply.
A White male diagnosed with HIV
An African American teenager who is 6 months pregnant
A Hispanic male who has type II diabetes
A low-income family living in rural America
A middle-class teacher living in a large city
A White baby who was born with cerebral palsy - Correct Answer-b, c, d, f. National trends in the prevention of health disparities are focused on vulnerable populations, such as racial and ethnic minorities, those living in poverty, women, children, older adults, rural and inner-city residents, and people with disabilities and special health care
needs. A nurse has volunteered to give influenza immunizations at a local clinic. What level of care is the nurse demonstrating?
Tertiary
Secondary
Primary
Promotive - Correct Answer-c. Giving influenza injections is an example of primary health promotion and illness prevention.
A patient in a community health clinic tells the nurse, "I have a high temperature, feel awful, and I am not going to work." What stage of illness behavior is the patient exhibiting?
Stage 1: Experiencing symptoms
Stage 2: Assuming the sick role
Stage 3: Assuming a dependent role
Stage 4: Achieving recovery and rehabilitation - Correct Answer-b. Stage 2: Assuming the sick role. When people assume the sick role, they define themselves as ill, seek validation of this experience from others, and give up normal activities. In stage 1: Experiencing symptoms, the first indication of an illness usually is recognizing one or more symptoms that are incompatible with one's personal definition of health. The stage
of assuming a dependent role is characterized by the patient's decision to accept the diagnosis and follow the prescribed treatment plan. In the achieving recovery and rehabilitation role, the person gives up the dependent role and resumes normal activities and responsibilities.
Based on the components of the physical human dimension, the nurse would expect which clinic patient to be most likely to have annual breast examinations and mammograms?
Jane, whose best friend had a benign breast lump removed
Sarah, who lives in a low-income neighborhood
Tricia, who has a family history of breast cancer
Nancy, whose family encourages regular physical examinations - Correct Answer-c. The physical dimension includes genetic inheritance, age, developmental level, race, and biological sex. These components strongly influence the person's health status and health practices. A family history of breast cancer is a major risk factor.
Nurses perform health promotion activities at a primary, secondary, or tertiary level. Which nursing actions are considered tertiary health promotion? Select all that apply.
A nurse runs an immunization clinic in the inner city.
A nurse teaches a patient with an amputation how to care for the residual limb.
A nurse provides range-of-motion exercises for a paralyzed patient.
A nurse teaches parents of toddlers how to childproof their homes.
A school nurse provides screening for scoliosis for the students.
A nurse teaches new parents how to choose and use an infant car seat. - Correct Answer-b, c. Tertiary health promotion and disease prevention begins after an illness is diagnosed and treated to reduce disability and to help rehabilitate patients to a maximum level of functioning. These activities include providing ROM exercises and patient teaching for residual limb care. Providing immunizations and teaching parents how to childproof their homes and use an appropriate car seat are primary health promotion activities. Providing screenings is a secondary health promotion activity.
The nurse uses the agent-host-environment model of health and illness to assess diseases in patients. This model is based on what concept?
Risk factors
Demographic variables
Behaviors to promote health
Stages of illness - Correct Answer-a. The interaction of the agent, host, and environment creates risk factors that increase the probability of disease.
A nurse incorporates concepts from current models of health when providing health promotion classes for patients. What is a key concept of both the health-illness continuum and the high-level wellness models?
Illness as a fixed point in time
The importance of family
Wellness as a passive state
Health as a constantly changing state - Correct Answer-d. Both these models view health as a dynamic (constantly changing state).
A nurse working in a long-term care facility personally follows accepted guidelines for a healthy lifestyle. How does this nurse promote health in the residents of this facility?
By being a role model for healthy behaviors
By not requiring sick days from work
By never exposing others to any type of illness
By budgeting time and resources efficiently - Correct Answer-a. Good personal health enables the nurse to serve as a role model for patients and families.
A nurse uses Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs to direct care for patients on an intensive care unit. For which nursing activities is this approach most useful?
Making accurate nursing diagnoses
Establishing priorities of care
Communicating concerns more concisely
Integrating science into nursing care - Correct Answer-b. Maslow's hierarchy of basic human needs is useful for establishing priorities of care.
The nurse is prioritizing nursing care for a patient in a long-term care facility. Which examples of nursing interventions help meet physiologic needs? Select all that apply.
Preventing falls in the facility
Changing a patient's oxygen tank
Providing materials for a patient who likes to draw
Helping a patient eat his dinner
Facilitating a visit from a spouse
Referring a patient to a cancer support group. - Correct Answer-b, d. Physiologic needs
—oxygen, water, food, elimination, temperature, sexuality, physical activity, and rest— must be met at least minimally to maintain life. Providing food and oxygen are examples
of interventions to meet these needs. Preventing falls helps meet safety and security needs; providing art supplies may help meet self-actualization needs; facilitating visits from loved ones helps meet self-esteem needs; and referring a patient to a support group helps meet love and belonging needs.
The nurse caring for patients postoperatively uses careful hand hygiene and sterile techniques when handling patients. Which of Maslow's basic human needs is being met
by this nurse?
Physiologic
Safety and security
Self-esteem
Love and belonging - Correct Answer-b. By carrying out careful hand hygiene and using
sterile technique, nurses provide safety from infection. An example of a physiologic need is clearing a patient's airway. Self-esteem needs may be met by allowing an older adult to talk about a past career. An example of helping meet a love and belonging need
is contacting a hospitalized patient's family to arrange a visit.
A nurse caring for patients in a long-term care facility uses available resources to help patients achieve Maslow's highest level of needs: self-actualization needs. Which statements accurately describe these needs? Select all that apply.
Humans are born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization.
Self-actualization needs are met by depending on others for help.
The self-actualization process continues throughout life.
Loneliness and isolation occur when self-actualization needs are unmet.
A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside self.
Self-actualization needs may be met by creatively solving problems. - Correct Answer-c,
e, f. Self-actualization, or reaching one's full potential, is a process that continues throughout life. A person achieves self-actualization by focusing on problems outside oneself and using creativity as a guideline for solving problems and pursuing interests. Humans are not born with a fully developed sense of self-actualization, and self-
actualization needs are not met specifically by depending on others for help. Loneliness and isolation are not always the result of unmet self-actualization needs.
A nurse works with families in crisis at a community mental health care facility. What is the BEST broad definition of a family?
A father, a mother, and children
A group whose members are biologically related
A unit that includes aunts, uncles, and cousins
A group of people who live together and depend on each other for support - Correct Answer-d. Although all the responses may be true, the best definition is a group of people who live together and depend on each other for physical, emotional, or financial support.
A nurse performs an assessment of a family consisting of a single mother, a grandmother, and two children. Which interview questions directed to the single mother
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