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P3, M2, D1
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Unit 6 Sociological perspectives for health and social care. P3, M2, D1.
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P3 Explain pattenn and tetndn in htalth and illntnn among diftetnt nocial geoupingn, M2Compaet nociological txplanatonn foe diftetnt pattenn and tetndn and D1 Evaluatt tht
way pattenn and tetndn in htalth and illntnn aet mtanuetd
Mtanuetmtntn of htalth and ill-htalth
The term dintant incidtnct refers to the number of newly diagnosed cases of diseases in a given
population. This can be within a yearly scale. It can highlight the level of risk or indicate the
probability that an individual is at of developing that illness. These can then be further categorised
into age and gender which can show a diferent incidence rate. This enables people to be able to
identify their risk and create solutions to prevent acquiring the illness. The term dintant petvaltnct
is measurement of a specifc disease. It will indicate the likelihood of someone having the disease as
the total number of current cases in a population will be divided by the whole population total. This
will give a percentage to the likelihood or prevalence of someone having the disease.
(advancedrenaleducation 01 ).
Moebidity eattn refer to the level or amount of a certain illness in a given population. It measures ill
health which can mean a person having a disease or illness. Individuals can be measured as collective
groups depending on the person’s illness, gender and age. These will be used to be able to
determine if an illness or disease if more likely or prevalent to a certain gender or if it is more likely
to occur in a certain age group. It can give the overall statistic of how many people sufer with that
illness in that population. The moetality eatt refers to the number or incidence of people who have
died in a given population. It is the death rate per 1000 people in a population. This is on a yearly
scale. If broken down into categories like age, mortality rates can be compared on a global scale
which can compare health and wellness between countries. (difen 013).
Gtndte can highlight diferent paterns and trends in health and illness. Over all women have a
higher life expectancy than men. In England 013 life expectancy for men was 79.3 years where as
for women it is 83 years. This would explain why women have lower mortality rates compared to
men. The overall life expectancy for both genders is increasing and the gender gap is reducing from
4.1 years in 009 to 3.7 years in 013. However, it is indicated that women have higher morbidity
rates compared to male which would suggest that women have a higher likelihood of ill health. This
may be due to social and cultural infuences. It is thought that women are more likely to report ill
health which would mean that some illness in men go unreported. (nursingtimes 015).
The prevalence of certain diseases and illness can also be infuenced by gender. For example,
women may be more likely to have certain illnesses. These include dementia, depression and
arthritis compared to men who can be more likely to have lung cancer and cardiovascular disease.
Men may have higher suicide rates than women and may abuse alcohol more. This can be due to the
impact of gender stereotypes as men may feel pressurised to prove themselves or not want to share
their feelings. Men have higher mortality rates from lung, liver and stomach cancer whereas women
are more likely to have higher mortality rates in breast and increasing rate for lung cancer. This may
be due to culture and social pressures like men are more likely to smoke compared to women.
(nursingtimes 015).
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