Describe the raw material for plant improvement and where it comes from. Answer - Variation between individuals is the raw ingredient. Environmental and Genetic variations
Describe Mendelian genetxics, involving traits, DNA, genes and alleles Answer - Gene - a unit of inheritance
Mendel - disco...
PURDUE UNIVERSITY HORT 101 FINAL EXAM 2024 WITH 100% CORRECT ANSWERS
Describe the raw material for plant improvement and where it comes from. ✅✅Answer - Variation between individuals is the raw ingredient. Environmental and Genetic variations
Describe Mendelian genetxics, involving traits, DNA, genes and alleles ✅✅Answer - Gene - a unit of inheritance
Mendel - discovered rules for inheritance of genes
Allels - Different forms of the same gene
What is homozygous? ✅✅Answer - Both alleles are the same type
What is heterozygous? ✅✅Answer - Alleles are different types
What is phenotype? ✅✅Answer - physical appearance
What is genotype? ✅✅Answer - genetic makeup
What is qualatative trait? ✅✅Answer - Inherited traits, flower color, leaf color, flavor
What is a quantitative trait? ✅✅Answer - a measurable phenotype that depends on the cumulative actions of many genes and the environment
Chimera ✅✅Answer - a type of random mutation (sport) where only one layer of plant tissue is altered Polyploidy ✅✅Answer - Where an organism has more than the normal number of diploids (2). Causes larger flowers, larger cells, larger fruits but is likely to make the plant sterile.
Hybrid vigor ✅✅Answer - A phenomenon in which the hybrid state is has greater survival and reproductive success than inbreds; also known as heterosis
Heterosis ✅✅Answer - A phenomenon in which the hybrid state is has greater survival and reproductive success than inbreds; also known as hybrid vigor
Introgression ✅✅Answer - refers to the movement of genes between species mediated by backcrossing
(attempting to return as close to the original as species as possible)
What are the steps of plant breeding? ✅✅Answer - 1.) Identify valuable traits
2.)Cross the 2 plants
3.)Collect seeds and grow up progeny
4.)Evaluate performance in subsequent generations
5.)Select best progeny after evaluating their performance
6.)Propogate improved variety
7.)Patent your hybrid ("Plant Variety Patent" or normal utility patent)
What is a GMO? ✅✅Answer - any organism whose genetic material has been altered using genetic engineering techniques
What three steps are needed to create a GMO? ✅✅Answer - Isolate a gene
Modify/Maniupulate the gene
Put the altered gene back into various organisms
What are some issues with biotech foods? ✅✅Answer - Public perception - concealing (or a general lack of) information on biotech foods them; Food allergens; Environmental impact (modifying things that
should not be modified)
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