dietary recommendations mental health ✔️Ans - B vitamins, B12, B6, B2,
fruits and vegetables
slowest drug route ✔️Ans - IM depot, topical patch
Lithium side effects ✔️Ans - dizziness; impaired vision;fine hand
tremors; reversible leukocytosis; signs of intoxication: V, diarrhea,
drowsiness, muscular weakness, ataxia, hypothyroidism
Clonidine, Propranolol ✔️Ans - used for physiological panic symptoms of
anxiety, lower HR and BP
psychotropic medication in pregnancy ✔️Ans - benefit must outweigh
risk, with depression if new onset and mild attempt psychotherapy, if
previous episode and currently on medication, remain on medication
Lithium Labs ✔️Ans - -SCr and BUN (for kidneys)
-Urine specific gravity (for diabetes insipidus)
-Electrolytes (for sodium)
-EKG (for arrhythmia)
-CBC (for leukocytes)
-Thyroid function (for hypothyroidism)
-Glucose
-Pregnancy test
-Lithium level
, mental status exam ✔️Ans - appearance and behavior, thought processes,
mood and affect, intellectual functioning, sensorium
symptoms of hyponatremia ✔️Ans - ...headache, muscle weakness,
fatigue, apathy, confusion, abd. cramps, & orthostatic hypotension, caused
by oxcarbmazepine (trileptal).
tardive dyskinesia ✔️Ans - A side effect of long-term use of traditional
antipsychotic drugs causing the person to have uncontrollable facial tics,
grimaces, and other involuntary movements of the lips, jaw, and tongue.
caused by chronic blockade of D2. FGA>SGA
extrapyramidal symptoms ✔️Ans - side effects such as restlessness,
involuntary movements, and muscular tension produced by antipsychotic
medications
Akathesia ✔️Ans - inability to remain still; motor restlessness and
anxiety, most common cause of aggression due to a drug side effect (occurs
within days)
Dystonia ✔️Ans - a condition of abnormal muscle tone that causes the
impairment of voluntary muscle movement (acute can occur in hours)
Akinesia ✔️Ans - complete or partial loss of muscle movement, shuffled
slowed gait (occurs within weeks)
dopamine reward system ✔️Ans - the system of neurons, primarily in the
nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area, that relies on dopamine
and gives rise to pleasant feelings
Safety Assessment ✔️Ans - symptoms, at each visit, drug initiation and
dose change
greatest risk period during pregnancy ✔️Ans - first 8 weeks
BZO taper ✔️Ans - change to longer acting such as clonazepam or
valium, add Inderal or vistaril
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