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Summary OCR A-Level English Literature Dystopia 1984 Contextual Information
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OCR A-Level English Literature Dystopia 1984 Contextual Information
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‘1984’ ContextEvidence Contextual Link
The Nazi Party used the Hitler Youth to indoctrinate children at their most
Youth Spies,
impressionable, and separate them from their parents –members denounced
Parson’s Children
their parents when they behaved in way not approved of by the Reich
The SS were one of the most feared organisations in Nazi Germany, with
Society of informers thousands of members who wore all-black uniforms, ran concentration
camps, and eliminated Hitler’s political opponents
Party’s manipulation Hitler manufactured an external threat, the Jews, as an attempt to keep
of past, Goldstein, society collectively paranoid; this fear was used to help present himself as
Two Minute Hate their only salvation
Stalin’s NKVD oversaw political assassinations and play a key role in
Thought Police repression as well as carrying out the great purge. Lenin (Chekha) and
Hitler (Gestapo) had similar methods of spying and enforcement
Torture, censorship,
Totalitarian governments, such as Stalin’s and Hitler’s, had ‘iron curtains’
imprisonment,
around their populations, suppressing their freedoms, and controlling their
telescreens,
actions (e.g. torture, interrogation, censorship, surveillance, arrests)
manipulation
Social media collects every gesture, comment, purchase and feeds an
Big Brother,
omniscient presence in out lives that predict our every presence – constant
telescreens
surveillance by companies
Fear of being
During his travels, Orwell saw the experiences of the masses in the Soviet
‘vaporised’,
Union. Particularly, Stalin’s infamous midnight purges, where hundreds of
suffering in
citizens were rounded up and slaughtered
childhood
Hierarchical rule, Orwell spent 5 years in the Indian Imperial Police in Burma, which
supremacy of Big increased his natural hatred of authority and made him fully aware of the
Brother existence of the working class for the first time
The Nazi’s used euphemisms to hide their acts of terror and conceal reality
Propaganda, Victory
from citizens – e.g. Endlösung (the final solution) being used to refer to the
Gin/Cigarettes
systemic extermination and mass murder of Jews
Orwell spent time in Spain during the peak of the Spanish Fascist regime as
Manipulation of
a reporter – he was disappointed with how their media fuelled propaganda
propaganda,
hid the truth, and inflated half-truths to disillusion the masses. He also
perpetual war
noted the exploitative nature of the fascist regime in reaching political
reports, Big Brother
superiority but disregarding social issues
13
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