University of Waterloo: Chem120L Exam Summary Notes
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Course
CHEM120L
Institution
University Of Waterloo (UW
)
Everything you need to know about the chemistry lab (no calculations). Overview of the entire lab course. It is beneficial to review; all safety, lab procedures, and cautions mentioned in this summary.
Chem 120L Exam Doc
Introduction
Things to prevent accidents
● Wipe all spills and bottle rings immediately
● Learn safe handling and disposal of chemicals
● Wear protective clothing (safety goggles, footwear lab coats, hair tie)
● Chemical in the eye: eye wash center
● Chemical on the skin: sink or emergency shower
Fire Extinguishers
● Use the PASS technique to operate a fire extinguisher
○ Pull the pin or locking device
○ Aim low, at the base of the fire
○ Squeeze the handle
○ Sweep slowly and evenly across the base of the fire
Safely Handling Chemicals
● Learn about the chemical’s information using the MSDS binder
● Keep hands away from face, eyes and skin
● Stoppers must be held out of contact with anything but air
○ Place in-between fingers when pouring the chemical and then quickly close the
container
● Unlabelled chemicals must not be used
● Gas or open flames are not to be used to hear flammable liquids; instead, use an electric
heating mangle or steam bath
● Spill kits are found in the storeroom
● Special disposal containers are used to dispose of waste chemicals
Safely Handling Glassware
● Chipped or broken glassware are discarded into the “Glass Waste” containers for disposal
● Broken glass is collected with a brush and dustpan
● Cotton held by tongs can also help pick up fine pieces of broken glass
○ Never use a paper towel to clean up broken glass
● Inspect glassware for chips or cracks as they may break suddenly when heated or cooled
● Things that can roll should be placed vertically to prevent it from falling
● All contained must be emptied and rinsed before cleaning
, Studying the Reactions of Copper
● Be familiar with the equations of the reactions involved, and be able to use these
balanced equations to perform stoichiometric calculations
● Recognize the products created by reactions in this experiment
● Be able to calculate percent yield (recovery) and percent atom economy and understand
what these values indicate
● Know common errors and the effects they have on the results/products
● Be able to categorize reactions using the classification system given in the background
material
● Terminology to know: filtrate, decant, supernatant, bumping
● Know the experimental procedure and the purpose of each step in the procedure
Techniques
● Recording data and observations:
○ Record data on the data sheets provided
○ Must be written in ink, dated, and signed by TA
○ Record numeric values: mass, concentration, temp, volume, wavelength values,
unknown #’s, etc
○ Must reflect the accuracy of the measuring tool
○ Follow significant figures
○ Record descriptions of the materials used, products formed, and anything that
may help identify unknown solutions
○ Record equipment used
○ Draw any necessary diagrams
● Significant figures:
○ When asked to measure a sample of 8.00mL, use an accurate measuring device
whereas if asked to measure 8mL, then the sample can be measured using a less
accurate device
○ Record data values to the correct number of sig figs
○ When calculating other values, round to the least precise measurement
● Quantitative transfer: transfer all material from one place to another without any loss of
sample
● Vacumn Filtration: a technique used to separate a solid product from a solvent or liquid
reaction mixture
○ The solid is trapped on a filter paper while the liquid is drawn through the funnel
by vacuum pressure
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