Summary
Chapter 2 Summary
- Course
- Institution
- Book
Not in the mood to read the handbook? Want to understand the slides? This summary helps you survive chapter 2;)
[Show more]
Connected book
Book Title:
Author(s):
- Edition:
- ISBN:
- Edition:
More summaries for
-
Immunology course 7
-
Samenvatting hoofdstuk 1
-
Samenvatting hoofdstuk 3
Seller
Follow
caramestdag
Reviews received
Content preview
CHAPTER 2Immunologie
Cara Mestdag
KU Leuven
CHAPTER 2
, 1
Inhoudsopgave
, 2
Innate immunity: The first line of defense
Microbial invaders are typically detected and destroyed by the
body's innate immune system within minutes or hours,
independent of antigen-specific lymphocytes.
Innate receptors, encoded by genes inherited from parents,
are inborn and do not require gene rearrangements like those
in the adaptive immune system.
Immunodeficiencies in innate immunity can increase
susceptibility to infections, even with an intact adaptive
immune system.
The infection begins when a pathogen breaches host anatomic
barriers. Immediate defenses involve preformed soluble
molecules, such as enzymes and peptides, capable of killing or
weakening pathogens.
Antimicrobial enzymes like lysozyme digest bacterial cell walls,
while peptides like defensins directly lyse bacterial cell
membranes.
The complement system, a group of plasma proteins, targets
pathogens for lysis and phagocytosis by innate immune cells.
Pattern-Recognition Receptors (PRRs) on innate immune cells
become activated by detecting pathogen-associated molecular
patterns (PAMPs).
Activated innate cells engage effector mechanisms to
eliminate the infection, without generating long-term
immunological memory.
If innate defenses fail, the adaptive immune response is
induced, leading to the expansion of antigen-specific
lymphocytes and the formation of memory cells.
Anatomic barriers, including epithelia and underlying
phagocytes, provide fixed defenses against infection. Chemical
defenses, such as antimicrobial enzymes and peptides, protect
epithelia.
The complement system, along with other circulating
defensive proteins, is part of humoral innate immunity,
derived from the word 'humor' for body fluids.
Inflammation occurs if early defenses fail, involving the
recruitment of new cells and circulating effector molecules.
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller caramestdag. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $3.24. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
67163 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now