Pap
er
Biology A (Salters Nuffield)
Advanced
PAPER 1: The Natural Environment
and Species Survival
You must have: Total Marks
Scientific calculator, HB
pencil, ruler
Instructions
• Use black ink or ball-point pen.
• Fill in the boxes at the top of this page with
centre number and candidate number.
• Answer
your
all
name,
• Show all your working out in calculations and include units
• Answer
where the questions
appropriate.
questions.
in themay
– there spaces
be more space than you need.
Information
provided
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown
– use this as a guide as to how much time to spend on
•each question. You may use a scientific calculator.
•ability to structure
in
In brackets
questions marked with an asterisk (*), marks will be awarded for your
your answer logically showing how the points that you
make are related or follow on from each other where appropriate.
Advice
• Read each question carefully before you start to answer it.
• Try to answer every
• Check your answers if you have time at the end.
Turn over
question.
, Answer ALL questions.
Some questions must be answered with a cross in a box . If
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you change your mind about an answer, put a line through the box
and then mark your new answer with a
cross .
1 Homo sapiens is the only living species of the genus Homo. Over 100
000 years ago, Homo neanderthalensis, a species closely related to
modern humans, lived with other Homo species in the same habitat.
(a) Which of the following is the correct definition of the term habitat?
(1)
A a group of organisms of different species living in the
same area
B a group of organisms of the same species living in the
same area
C a place where an organism lives
D the role of an organism
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(b) A fossil bone discovered in China is thought to be from a new species,
Homo longi.
(i) Samples of DNA from this bone and bones from other Homo
species can be amplified using PCR.
(3)
Describe how these amplified samples of DNA can be
prepared for analysis using gel electrophoresis.
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(Total for Question 1 = 6 marks)
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, 2 Human activities are affecting many habitats.
These activities can change the biodiversity of communities and
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populations within a habitat.
(a) Which of the following describes biodiversity within a habitat?
(1)
A the number of different alleles and the number of the
same species
B the number of different species and the number of
different alleles
C the number of different species and the number of the
same alleles
D the number of the same alleles and the number of the
same species
(b) Brown Moss is a site of special scientific interest. It is an area
containing shallow ponds, inhabited by birds and rare plants.
The biodiversity of plants growing in two ponds, A and B, at
Brown Moss was studied. The table includes data collected from
the two ponds.
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Number n(n–1) Number n(n–1)
Species (n) in for (n) in for
pond A pond A pond B pond B
Azolla filiculoides 5 20 0 0
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