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Anesthesia, Moderate Sedation, Pre And Post Nursing Care Practice Questions And Answers
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Anesthesia, Moderate Sedation, Pre And Post Nursing Care Practice Questions And Answers
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Anesthesia , Moderate Sedation , Pre And Post Nursing Care Practice Questions And Answers A nurse administered midazolam IV bolus to a client before a procedure. His BP is 86/40 mm Hg, and his pulse is 134/min. Which of the following IV medications should the nurse administer? A. Naloxone B. Morphine C. Flumazenil D. Atropine ✔✔C. Flumazenil Rationale: Flumazenil is the antidote for benzos, naloxone is the antidote for opioids, morphine is given for pain and atropine treats bradycardia A nurse is assisting an anesthesiologist in the delivery of nitrous oxide by face mask to a client during the induction of anesthesia. Which of the following is the priority nursing action? A. Assess O2 saturation B. Measure BP C. Palpate pulse rate D. Check temp ✔✔A. Assess O2 saturation Rationale: The greatest risk for injury during anesthesia is hypoxia, the priority action is to maintain and ensure a patent airway A nurse is caring for a client who develops malignant hyperthermia. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? S ATA A. Infuse iced IV fluids B. Provide 100% O2 C. Place cooling blanket on client D. Treat complication while continuing surgery E. Administer IV dantrolene ✔✔A. Infuse iced IV fluids B. Provide 100% O2 C. Place cooling blanket on client E. Administer IV dantrolene Rationale: Measures to cool down patient and maintain a patent airway is priority. Administer IV dantrolene which is a muscle relaxant that treats malignant hyperthermia. The procedure should be canceled immediately A nurse is caring for a cli ent who develops a systemic toxic reaction following a regional block. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Monitor serum creatinine levels B. Provide airway support C. Turn client to the right side D. Administer 0.9% sodium chloride 50 0 ml bolus ✔✔B. Provide airway support Rationale: Systemic shock reaction casues CNS depression, priority action is to provide airway support. ABGs should be monitored instead of creatinine, turning client would not improve condition, fluid bolus would ma ke it worse b/c hypertension is one of the manifestations A nurse is caring for a client who reports a headache following an epidural regional nerve block. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? A. Decrease the clients fluid intake B. Apply pressure to the puncture site C. Place head of bed flat D. Instruct client to lie prone ✔✔C. Place head of bed flat Rationale: Client is experiencing a headache due to CSF leak. Increasing fluids would help replace CSF loss, applying pressure to site will not stop leakage as CSF composition is different from blood, keeping head of bed flat promotes dura tear to seal, lying prone will worsen the headache When is general anesthesia used? ✔✔Major surgery When complete muscle relaxation is required What is local anesthesia? ✔✔Loss of sensation w/o loss of consciousness Paralysis in a specific area of the body What populat ion is most susceptible to the effects of anesthesia? ✔✔Older adults What can help control the incidence of adverse effects of anesthesia? ✔✔Careful titration What is the main priority in anesthesia patients? ✔✔Airway patency However, cardiac problems ca n arise much more quickly Risk Factors for General Anesthesia ✔✔Hx of malignant hyperthermia Hypoventilation Dysrhythmias Altered cardiac output Gastric contents (may cause aspiration) Alcohol or substance use Risk Factors for Local Anesthesia ✔✔Allergy to ester anesthetics (cocaine, procaine, tetracaine, chloroprocaine, & benzocaine) Alterations in peripheral circulation How is General Anesthesia administered? ✔✔Injectable (benzos, etomidate, proprofol, ketamine and short acting barbiturates [methohexit al]) Inhalable (halothane, isoflurane and nitrous oxide) What are inhalable anesthetics all mixed with? ✔✔Oxygen Which IV anesthetic is most commonly used? ✔✔Proprofol (mechanical ventilation, radiation therapy, and diagnostic procedures) A client is to receive proprofol as an IV anesthetic. For what reason should the nurse question the order? A. Age 45 B. Female gender C. Allergy to soybeans D. O2 sat of 96 on room air ✔✔C. Allergy to soybeans Rationale: allergy to eggs and soybean oil ar e contraindications How are inhalation anesthetics eliminated? ✔✔Exhalation ~ depends on pulmonary ventilation and blood flow to lungs A nurse is caring for a client post op who is coming off of inhalation anesthetics. What actions should the nurse take to promote elimination of the anesthesia? A. Guided imagery B. Music therapy C. Encourage deep breaths D. Place compression stocking on client E. Administer O2 ✔✔C. Encourage deep breaths E. Administer O2 What are the phases of General Anesthesia? ✔✔Induc tion: initiation Maintenance: performance of surgery and monitoring airway Emergence: removal of devices A nurse is caring for a patient who was given Fentanyl. For which adverse effects should the nurse monitor for? SATA A. Nausea/ vomiting B. Constipation C. Diarrhea D. Urinary retention E. Respiratory Depression F. Delayed awakening ✔✔A. Nausea/ vomiting B. Constipation D. Urinary retention E. Respiratory Depression F. Delayed awakeningThe benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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