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NR511 NR 511 FINAL EXAM (LATEST ) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS & PRIMARY CARE PRACTICUM.
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NR511 NR 511 FINAL EXAM (LATEST ) DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS & PRIMARY CARE PRACTICUM.
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NR511 / NR 511 FINAL EXAM (LATEST 2024-2025)DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS & PRIMARY CARE PRACTICUM.
A patient is seen in the clinic with hematuria confirmed on microscopic examination. The
clinician should inquire about the ingestion of which of these substances that might be the
cause of hematuria?
• NSAIDs
• Beets
• Vitamin A
• Red meat
Answer: NSAIDs, high risk for bleeding.
Mark has necrotizing fasciitis of his left lower extremity. Pressure on the skin reveals crepitus
due to gas production by which anaerobic bacteria?
• Staphylococcal aureus
• Clostridium perfringens
• S. pyrogenes
• Streptococcus
Answer: Clostridium Perfringens, leading to excessive gas production under the skin making a
popping sound, crepitus.
Which of the following is, a linear crack extending from the epidermis to the dermis?
• An ulcer
• A fissure
• Lichenification
• An excoriation
• Answer: A fissure.
The patient is diagnosed with ARF. Which of the following conditions is the most common
cause?
• Renal calculi
• Acute tubular necrosis
• Cardiac failure
• Acute glomerulonephritis
Answer: Acute tubular
necrosis.
A 14-year-old male is seen with complaints of severe testicular pain. The clinician suspects
testicular torsion. Which of the following is the appropriate action?
• Refer to a urologist immediately.
• Obtain a computed tomography (CT) scan.
, • Instruct the patient to elevate the scrotum.
• Prescribe ibuprofen.
Answer: Refer to a urologist immediately. *Medical Emergency.
Which scalp problem can be caused by a fever and certain drugs?
• Telogen effluvium (TE)-
common cause of temporary hair loss due to the excessive shedding of resting or telogen hair
after some shock to the system.
• Trichotillomania-
pulling out hair
repeatedly
• Psoriasis
• Alopecia areata -
common autoimmune skin disease, causing hair loss on the scalp, face and sometimes on other
areas of the body
Answer: Telogen effluvium (TE)
A 46-year-old man presents with urinary hesitancy and low back pain. He has no history of
UTI. Digital rectal examination (DRE) reveals a normal prostate, and a diagnosis of
prostatodynia is made. Which is the appropriate treatment?
• Terazosin 2 mg PO once a day
• Ice pack to the scrotal area
• Saw palmetto 320 mg per day
• All of the above
Answer: Terazosin 2 mg PO once a day.
It is an alpha-blocker. It relieves the symptoms of BPH by relaxing the muscles of the bladder
and prostate. It lowers blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels.
What is the most common pre-cancerous skin lesion in Caucasians?
• A skin tag
• Actinic keratosis
• A melanoma
• A basal cell lesion
Answer- Actinic
Keratosis.
A 27-year-old female presents with a chief complaint of burning and pain on urination. She
has no previous history of urinary tract infection (UTI). What are some additional symptoms
consistent with a diagnosis of lower UTI?
• Back and abdominal pain
• Fever, chills, costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness
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