ATI Pharmacology CH. 1 question correctly done 2023/2024
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Course
Ati pharm ch 1
Institution
Ati Pharm Ch 1
Sublingual and buccal absorption - answersQuick absorption systemically through highly vascular mucous membranes.
Rectal and vagina absorption - answersEasy absorption with both local and systemic effects
Absorption with Inhalation via mouth, nose. - answersRapid absorption through alveolar c...
Effects primarily, but systemic as well, especially with lipid-soluble medications passing through
subcutaneous fatty tissue.
Subcutaneous, Intramuscular absorption - answersSolubility of the medication in water:
-Highly soluble medications have rapid absorption (10 to 30 min)
-Poorly soluble medications have slow absorption.
Blood perfusion at the site of injection:
-Sites with high blood perfusion have rapid absorption
-Sites with low blood perfusion have slow absorption.
Intravenous absorption - answersImmediate: enters directly into the blood
Complete: Reaches the blood in its entirety
What are barriers to intravenous absorption? - answersThere are no barriers.
, What are the barriers to subcutaneous and intramuscular absorption? - answersCapillary walls have
large spaces between the cells. Therefore, there is no significant barrier.
What are barriers to intradermal, and topical absorption? - answersClose proximity of epidermal cells.
What are barriers to inhalation? - answersInspiratory effect
What are the factors influencing distribution? - answersCirculation, permeability of the cell membrane,
plasma protein binding,
Where does excretion take place? - answersThe kidneys. Elimination also takes place through the liver,
lungs, intestines, and exocrine glands (such as breastmilk)
Kidney dysfunction can lead to what? What is important to monitor? - answersIt can lead to an increase
in the duration and intensity of a medications response, so it is important to monitor BUM and
creatinine levels.
Therapeutic index (TI) - answersHigh level: have a wide safety margin so there is no need for routine
serum medication-level monitoring.
Low: Require close monitoring of the serum medication levels.
Half-life - answersLiver and Kidney function affect Half-life.
It usually takes 4 half-lives to achieve a steady state of serum concentration (medication
intake=Medication metabolism and excretion.)
MEC - answersMinimum effective concentration
Short half-life - answersMedications leave the body quickly (4-8 hours)
Short dosing interval or MEC drops between doses.
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