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PN3006 Midterms And Finals Exam Questions With Correct Answers
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PN3006 Midterms And Finals Exam Questions With Correct Answers what are the precautions for pt? - Answer 1. Airborne prec - Private room, negative - pressure airflow of atleast 6-12 exchanges per hour , mask or N952. 2. DROPLET - Private room or cohorting, mask, goggles. but if within 2 metres of the pt. and in contact use gown and gloves as well 3. CONTACT - Private room or cohorting, gloves, gown 4. PROTECTIVE ENVIRONMENT - Private room, positive airflow with grea ter than air exchanges per hour, HEPA filtration for incoming air, mask gloves, gown What is universal precaution ? - Answer - applies to blood, blood products, all body f luid and etc. - Perform hand hygiene before, between and after direct contact with patient or blood, body fluids, secretion - do not wear artificial finger nails, if duties include contact to pa tient with high risk of infection - wear gloves and PPE when touching body fluids What is ascepsis technique ? - Answer - Asepsis is the absence of pathogenic (disease-producing) microorganisms. - Medical asepsis (clean technique) - Reduces organismsPrevents transfer ex. performing hand hygiene - Surgical asepsis (sterile technique) - Destroys microorganisms and their spores ex. items used in sterile field must be steri le what is the course of infection by stage ? - Answer 1. INCUBATION PE RIOD - entrance of the pathogen into the body, and appearance of first symptoms. 2. PRODROMAL STAGE - More specific symptoms show up, pathogen grows and multi ply 3. ILLNESS STAGE - patient manifest more specific symptoms of specific type of infection 4. CONVALESCENCES STAGE - acute symptoms of infection disappear and body tries to return to homeostasis Examples of airborne diseases - Answer Measles, varicella zoster virus, TB. For TB examples of droplet precautions - Answer pneumonia, influenza, whooping cough, bacterial meningitis examples of contact precautions - Answer MRSA, VRE, cdiff, scabies how to don and doffing PPE - Answer donning: hand hygiene, gown, mask, eye protection, gloves doffing: remove gloves, gown, wash hands, eye wear, mask, wash hands remember: hand hygiene each time review the all assessments - Answer read the notes cardiovascular assessments? heart locations> what are you listening - Answer positioning: a. Sitting or leaning forward: best to hear all sounds and high pitch mumurs b. Supine : good for all areas c. Left lateral recumbent : good for all areas: best position for hearing low pitched sounds in diastole) pulses: note for rhythm, rate, equality and strength of pulses. a) Temporal b) Carotid (don't do it at the same time so you wont choke the pt) c) Apical (listen for a minute) d) Brachial e) Radial f) Femoral - (put gloves on and remove after) g) Popliteal h) Posterior tibial i) Dorsalis Pedis - 4+ Bounding - 3+ Increased - 2+ Normal - 1+ Weak - 0 Absent ( you cant feel it - you may use doppler device) check for edema: · +1 edema = 2mm (disappears instantly) · 2+ = 4mm (10-15 sec) · 3+ = 6mm (1 minute) · 4+ = 8mm(2 minute) heart auscultation landmarks: - "A Pig Eats Too Much" a) Aortic (2nd intercostal space right side of sternum) b) pulmonary (2nd intercostal space left side sternum) c) Erbs point ( 3rd intercostal space ) d) tricuspid (fourth intercostal space) e) mitral or PMI ( fifth intercostal space in midclavicular line) S1 (close of AV and bicuspid valve) "lub" S2(close of aortic and pulmonary valve)"dub" S3 "ventricular gallop." - Kentucky S4 "atrial gallop" - tenesee respiratory assessment? - Answer 1. check LOC/LOO ( name, date, location) 2. Inspect the face for cyanosis and palor and nasal flaring. ask pt to open mouth for any obstruction In airwayinspect neck for any use of accessory muscle for breathing 3. inspect fingers for any clubbing 4. inspect chest for any barrel chest and symmetry of chest, lumps and bumps, lesions or redness 5. look at the rise and fall of chest 6. Auscultate the 8 areas of the lungs (8 for short people and 10 for tall) and listen to the pitch, quality, loudness and duration of expiration and inspiration. 7. auscultate the sides of the lung ( 2 in left and 3 in right ) 8. auscultate the back (8 for short and 10 for tall) 9. do palpation in back, ask pt to say 99 and listen for vibration for total of 4 t imes (3 in back and 1 in the side) 10. Palpate the sides of lungs and feel the expansion of the lungs11. palpate the front chest again for lumps and bumps landmarks: tactile fremitus: pt saying 99 as you feel the sound waves of lung respiratory landmarks? - Answer start apex (top of the lungs) above the clavicle -> 2nd intercostal space (upper lobe)( do opposite side again) -> third intercostal space (upper lobe) (opposite side again) -> 4th intercostal space (middle lobe) (opposite side again)The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
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