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USMLE Exam questions and answers
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Exam of 3 pages for the course usmle at usmle (USMLE Exam)
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USMLE, MicrobiologyA flagellum's chemical composition and function are: - answerproteins and motility
The pilus/fimbria's chemical composition and function are: - answerglycoproteins and
adherence to cell surface and sex pilus formation during conjugation
A spores chemical composition and function are: - answerpolysaccharides and protects
against phagocytosis
The slime (s) layer of a bacteria composition and function are: - answerloss network of
polysaccharides and mediates adherence to surfaces, plays a role in biofilm formation
The outer membrane's composition and function are: - answerendotoxin (LPS/LOS),
porins, other membrane proteins(OMP's) phospholipids. Outer membrane is only in
gram negative bacteria. Endotoxin A induces TNF and IL-1 antigenic O polysaccharide
component. Most OMPS are antigenic.
The periplasm's composition and function are: - answerIt is the space between
cytoplasmic membrane and outer membrane in gram negative bacteria. Accumulates
hydrolytic enzymes of gram negative bacteria such as beta-lactamases.
Cytoplasmic membrane composition and function are: - answerphospholipid bilayer with
embedded proteins such as PBP. Lipoteichoic acid in gram positive only. Cytoplasmic
membrane is the site of oxidative and transport enzymes, PBPs involed in cell wall
synthesis.
Lipoteichoic acids induce - answerTNF alpha and IL-1
Ziehl-Neelsen stain - answerstains the mycolic acid in acid-fast bacteria e.g.
mycobacteria and nocardia.
Aerobes - answeruse an O2-dependent system to generate ATP
e.g. nocardia species, pseudomonas aeruginosa, mycobacterium tuberculosis,
bordetella pertusis
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