Exam (elaborations)
OCN Chemotherapy Questions and Answers 2023
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Exam of 15 pages for the course OCN at OCN (OCN Chemotherapy)
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OCN Chemotherapycell cycle specific agents
(mechanism of action, dosing schedule, list chemo drug categories) - answer -
cytotoxic effects are exerted on cells actively dividing at specific phases throughout cell
cycle
-not active against cells in G0
-schedule dependent; most effective in divided doses or continuous infusion
-cytotoxic effects occur during the cell cycle when cell repair or division is attempted
-antimetabolites
-plant alkaloids
Cell cycle non-specific agents
(mechanism of action, dosing schedule, list chemo drug categories) - answer -effects
are exerted in any phase including G0
-effective on tumors with relatively few dividing cells
-agents are dose dependent; most effective in bolus doses because number of cells
affected is proportionate to amt drug given
-cytotoxic effects occur during cell cycle and expressed when cell division is attempted
-alkylating agents (platins & non-platins)
-antitumor antibiotics
-hormonal therapies
Alkylating Agents
(cell cycle, mechanism of action, major ADEs) - answer -most agents are cell cycle
non-specific
-interfere with DNA replication through cross linking of DNA strands, strand breaking,
and abnormal base pairing of proteins
-platins & non-platins
-major toxicities primarily hematopoietic, GI and reproductive, and high emetogenicity
and alopecia
Alkylating Agent categories & specific drug names - answer Platins
•carboplatin
•cisplatin
•oxaliplatin
, Non-platins
•nitrogen mustards:
cyclophosphomide & ifosfamide
•nitrosoureas:
carmustine & streptozocin
•alkyl sulfonates
•ethylenimines
Antimetabolites
(cell cycle, mechanism of action, major ADEs, names of specific drugs) - answer -
cell cycle specific, S phase
-interferes with DNA synthesis by substituting erroneous metabolites
-major toxicities GI, myelosuppression, mucositis, hand/foot syndrome
-azacitidine
fluorouracil (5FU)
capecitabine
methotrexate
pemetrexed
cytarabine
decitarabine
gemcitabine
topoisomerase targeting agents(I) - answer Type I:
-include campthothecins
-mechanism of action: prevent realigning of DNA strands, maintaining single strand
DNA breaks
-major toxicities: hematopoietic/GI
-cell non specific
topoisomerase targeting agents(II) - answer Type II
- anthracyclines, anthracenediones, actinomycins, epipodophyllotoxins
- inhibitors and poisons
-Toxicities: hematopoietic/GI
-cell non specific
Ex: topoisomerase targeting agents
anthracyclines - answer anthracyclines
•Daunorubicin
•Doxorubicin
•Epirubicin
•Idarubicin
•Valrubicin
-major cardiac toxicities; lifetime dose set
Ex: topoisomerase targeting agents
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