,Unit I: Introduction to Theory
Chapter 1 Philosophy, Science, and Nursing
Chapter 2 Overview of Theory in Nursing
Chapter 3 Concept Development: Clarifying Meaning of
Terms
Chapter 4 Theory Development: Structuring Conceptual
Relationships in Nursing
Chapter 5 Theory Analysis and Evaluation
Unit II: Nursing Theories
Chapter 6 Overview of Grand Nursing Theories
Chapter 7 Grand Nursing Theories Based on Human Needs
Chapter 8 Grand Nursing Theories Based on Interactive
Process
Chapter 9 Grand Nursing Theories Based on Unitary Process
Chapter 10 Introduction to Middle-Range Nursing Theories
Chapter 11 Overview of Selected Middle-Range Nursing
Theories
Chapter 12 Evidence-Based Practice and Nursing Theory
Unit III: Shared Theories Used by Nurses
Chapter 13 Theories From the Sociologic Sciences
Chapter 14 Theories From the Behavioral Sciences
Chapter 15 Theories From the Biomedical Sciences
Chapter 16 Theories, Models, and Frameworks From
Leadership and Management
Chapter 17 Learning Theories
Chapter 18 Ethical Theories and Principles
Unit IV: Application of Theory in Nursing
Chapter 19 Application of Theory in Nursing Practice
Chapter 20 Application of Theory in Nursing Research
Chapter 21 Application of Theory in Nursing Administration
and Management
Chapter 22 Application of Theory in Nursing Education
Chapter 23 Future Issues in Nursing Theory
,Chapter 1 Philosophy, Science, and Nursing
1. Nursing has been considered both a profession and an occupation. Which of the
following supports defining nursing as a profession?
A) Autonomy
B) Learned vocation
C) Varied level of skill
D) Career with varied knowledge
2. How many levels of entry into practice exist for registered nurses?
A) One
B) Two
C) Three
D) Four
3. Nursing is classified as which type of science?
A) Pure
B) Natural
C) Human
D) Applied
4. In defining the philosophy of nursing, which of the following would not be included?
A) Purpose of human life
B) Nature of being
C) Theory of knowledge
D) Scientific method
5. When discussing the science and philosophy of a discipline, how would one define the
two in relation to each other?
A) Autonomous
B) Reliant
C) Linked
D) Unrelated
6. Philosophy's definition includes which of the following?
A) Study of problems that are abstract and general
B) Measures observable phenomena of interest in a discipline
C) Empirical way of gathering data
D) Grounded and tested in experience
, 7. Based on the science and philosophical schools of thought, which one is founded on the
belief that what is experienced is what exists and that experiences be verified through
scientific methodology?
A) Received view
B) Human science
C) Phenomenology
D) Constructivism
8. Based on the science and philosophical schools of thought, which one centers on
descriptions that are derived from collectively lived experiences, interrelatedness,
human interpretation, and learned reality?
A) Empiricism
B) Positivism
C) Rationalism
D) Perceived view
9. When defining nursing philosophy, which of the following is appropriate?
A) Refers to the belief system of the profession and provides perspectives for practice,
scholarship, and research.
B) The substantive, discipline-specific knowledge that focuses on the
human-universe-health process.
C) Refers to the system of relationship of human response in health and illness.
D) Responsible for generation of knowledge, which provides direction for future.
10. When discussing the knowledge development in nursing science, the study of theory is
referred to as which of the following?
A) Ontology
B) Epistemology
C) Methodology
D) Philosophy
11. There are several defined ways of knowing. Which way of knowing is defined as “a
priori knowledge that pertain to knowledge gained from thought alone?”
A) Empirics
B) Personal
C) Intuitive
D) Somatic
,12. Patterns of knowledge in nursing include use of knowledge from nursing and other
disciplines, abstracted and generalized beyond personal experience. Of which pattern of
knowledge is this representative?
A) Clinical knowledge
B) Emancipatory knowing
C) Conceptual knowledge
D) Empirical knowledge
13. Nursing is described as a human science based on inclusion of which of the following in
the discipline?
A) Physiology
B) Human health
C) Anthropology
D) All of the above
14. A study is conducted and the methodology used for the data collection is focused on
testing a hypothesis and seeking to prove or disprove the hypothesis. Which type of
methodology is being used?
A) Qualitative
B) Quantitative
C) Methodologic pluralism
15. During the course of a nursing research study, the research selects a theory with a
phenomenological foundation seeking to explore the experiences of teens living with
HIV. Which type of methodology is being used?
A) Qualitative
B) Quantitative
C) Methodologic pluralism
,Answer Key
1. A
2. C
3. D
4. D
5. C
6. A
7. A
8. D
9. A
10. B
11. B
12. C
13. D
14. B
15. A
,1. Myra Levine expressed nurses are often confused about theory. Which of the following
was given as one reason for the confusion related to nursing theory?
A) Clearly understandable
B) Obscure concepts
C) Application to practice
D) New concepts
2. If a theory is to be useful in nursing, it must include which of the following?
A) Broad concepts
B) Understandable concepts
C) Concepts specific to nursing
D) Operationally defined concepts
3. Theories developed for nursing include all of the following except which of the
following?
A) Identify standards for nursing practice
B) Guide development of client cares
C) Direct quality assurance programs
D) Align with other health care disciplines
4. Which of the following was the first stage in the development of a nursing theory and
philosophy?
A) Silent knowledge
B) Received knowledge
C) Subjective knowledge
D) Procedural knowledge
5. The silent knowledge stage of theory and philosophy development was driven based on
which of the following?
A) Nursing as an independent discipline
B) Medical model, dependent on physicians
C) Interdisciplinary team design
D) Nursing as an academic discipline
, 6. During the 1970s, the nursing profession viewed itself as a scientific discipline evolving
toward a theoretically based practice focusing on the client. Which stage of theory and
philosophy development is this the correct description?
A) Silent knowledge
B) Received knowledge
C) Subjective knowledge
D) Procedural knowledge
7. What is the current stage of knowledge development for the discipline of nursing?
A) Silent knowledge
B) Received knowledge
C) Subjective knowledge
D) Constructed knowledge
8. Development of a metatheory includes which of the following?
A) Broad processes and generalized understanding
B) Specific application of theory
C) Development of theory through practice
D) Use of only nursing concepts
9. Which type of theory is the most broad and complex in scope?
A) Grand theory
B) Middle range theory
C) Practice theory
D) Microtheory
10. Which type of theory may describe a phenomenon, explain relationships of concepts or
predict effects of a phenomenon?
A) Metatheory
B) Grand theory
C) Middle range theory
D) Practice theory
11. Which type of theory is the least complex and is situation specific?
A) Methatheory
B) Grand theory
C) Middle range theory
D) Practice theory
, 12. A nursing theory designed to explain or relate concepts in a theory to one another is
considered which type or purpose of theory?
A) Factor-isolating theories
B) Factor-relating theories
C) Situation-relating theories
D) Situation-producing theories
13. A nursing theory which prescribes activities to reach a goal is which type of theory?
A) Factor-isolating theories
B) Factor-relating theories
C) Situation-relating theories
D) Situation-producing theories
14. Which of the following discipline or disciplines may be used in the design of a nursing
theory?
A) Psychology
B) Physical biology
C) Sociology
D) Psychology, physical biology, and sociology
15. Based on the work by Fawcett, which of the following is not part of the defined nursing
metaparadigm?
A) Person
B) Health
C) Environment
D) Caring
