ENPC 5th edition Questions and Answers
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Neonate characteristics: - ANSBirth to 4 weeks
If preterm neonate until original due date plus 28 days
Loses 5-10% weight by 3-4th day of life
Flexion normal posture
Limited glycogen store
Nose breathers
Infant ch...
Neonate characteristics: - ANS✓✓Birth to 4 weeks
If preterm neonate until original due date plus 28 days
Loses 5-10% weight by 3-4th day of life
Flexion normal posture
Limited glycogen store
Nose breathers
Infant characteristics: - ANS✓✓Nose breather until 6months
And muscle to breathe
Metabolic rate 2x adult (increased need for oxygen and glucose)
Toddler characteristics: - ANS✓✓Babinski réflex normal until walking
Plantar réflex at 2 years
And muscles to breathe
Most common cause of bradycardia in peds - ANS✓✓hypoxia
When to begin chest compressions in peds - ANS✓✓when HR is below 60bpm
Suctioning the neonate - ANS✓✓increases the risk for decreased cerebral blood
flow
decreased pulmonary oxygenation
bradycardia
suction mouth then nose
, Neonate first minute emphasis - ANS✓✓ventilation not intubation
Lower glucose levels in Neonate - ANS✓✓associated with potential for brain
injury
stress of respiratory and circulatory efforts metabolize existing glucose
D10 IV for glucose <40mg/dL
normal heel stick at birth 30 mg/dL
normal heel stick at 24h 45 mg/dL
Neonatal CHD - ANS✓✓compare pulse ox from right hand to either foot
(difference >3% suggest dx)
considered in infant presenting with respiratory distress or shock (with absence of
fever)
s/s include shock, cyanosis, tachypnea, or pulmonary edema
Neonatal cyanosis - ANS✓✓look inside the mouth at gum line for purple/blue
color of tongue and gums - central
look for hands and feet to change color - peripheral
Respiratory Distress in peds patient - ANS✓✓characterized by increased
respiratory rate
increased heart rate
skin color changes
increased WOB (grunting, nasal flaring, head bobbing, accessory muscle use)
wheezing
diaphoresis
abnormal upper airway (sounds such as stridor)
change in mentation (irritable or agitated)
Laryngotracheobronchitis (Croup) - ANS✓✓viral illness that account 90% peds
stridor
inflammation, exudates and edema of larynx l/d narrowing of upper airway
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