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ATLS Practice 2023/2024 already graded A+
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ATLS Practice 2023/2024 already graded A+
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ATLS PracticeDefinitive control of the airway is achieved by ____________ - ANSEndotracheal intubation
How do you treat hypothermia in the ED? - ANScrystalloid fluids at 102.2 degrees F and
warmed treatment area
What does definitive hemorrhage control refer to?
(3) - ANS1) Possible surgery
2) Stabilizing of pelvis
3) Angioembolization
What are rates of fluid administration measured by? - ANSSize and length of catheter
Minimum flow rate of oxygen reservoir mask - ANS11 L/min
MCC of shock in trauma pt - ANSHypovolemia due to hemorrhage
Describe the 3 for 1 rule - ANSReplace each mL of blood loss with 3 ml of crystalloid solution
What metabolic state can result from continued hemorrhage or decreased perfusion? -
ANSMetabolic acidosis
In what survey, primary or secondary, are these identified?
1) Simple PTX
2) Pulmonary contusion
3) Traumatic aortic disruption - ANSSecondary
Via thorough PE, CXR, pulse ox, ECG and ABG
What imaging study is preferred for penetrating abdominal trauma? - ANSCT
What can FAST rapidly diagnose? - ANSAbdominal hemorrhage
When is a laparotomy indicated? - ANSFascial penetration with intraperitoneal bleeding or
peritonitis
What does the Monro Kellie doctrine describe? - ANSThe relationship between IC volume and
pressure
Normal resting ICP - ANS10 mm Hg
How do you reduce elevated ICP? - ANSMannitol in a 20% solution
, How do you temporarily control pelvic hemorrhage and instability? - ANSInternal traction and
external counter-pressure
How do you initially manage major arterial injury? - ANSDirect pressure and fluid resuscitation
Full thickness burn - ANSThird degree burn
What is used to estimate the size and depth of burns? - ANSRule of 9's
Head= 9%
Each arm=9%
Front Trunk= 18%
Back Trunk= 18%
Upper leg= 9%
Lower leg= 9%
What type of burns appear wet and blistered? - ANSPartial thickness burns (second degree)
How do you treat CO exposed pt? - ANS100% oxygen flow through non re-breather mask
What is a reliable measure of circulating blood volumes in burn patients? - ANSHourly urine
output
*Goal= 0.5-1.0 ml/kg body weight*
Hospital admission criteria for burn pt
(8) - ANS1) Partial-thickness burns greater than 10% total BSA (TBSA)
2) Full-thickness burns greater than 2% TBSA
3) Burns involving the face, hands, genitalia, perineum, or major joints
4) Circumferential extremity burns
5) All high-voltage electrical burns, including lightning injury--Admission of low-voltage electrical
burns is selective
6) Chemical burns
7) Inhalation injury
8) Burn injuries in patients with preexisting medical disorders that could complicate
management, prolong recovery, or affect mortality (eg, diabetes, immunosuppression)
Parkland Formula for Fluid Resuscitation in Burn pt - ANS3-4 mL Ringer lactate X weight (kg) X
%TBSA burned (second-degree and third degree);
*half administered over the first 8 hours* (from time of injury),* remaining half administered over
the next 16 hours*
What injuries may necessitate inter-hospital transfer?
(3) - ANS1) Head or spinal cord trauma
2) Pulmonary contusions
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