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CLTM Board Prep –Questions &Answers (Passed!)
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CLTM Board Prep –Questions &Answers (Passed!)What is the preferred montage for SSEP? ✔️Ans - Referential
What is the preferred montage for Invasive monitoring? ✔️Ans - Laplacian
What are the HFF/LFF settings for LTM scalp recordings? ✔️Ans - LFF 0.5-
HFF 70Hz
What disease is known for a "tangle of vessels"? ✔️Ans - Moya Moya
disease
What artifact is often seen in surgical grids? ✔️Ans - Pulse artifact
DBS stands for? (Hint, think of VNS) ✔️Ans - Deep Brain Stimulator
What is the contraindications for hyperventilation procedure? ✔️Ans -
Moya Moya disease
What are the filter/sensitivity settings and montage for Intracranial
monitoring? ✔️Ans - Low-frequency response of 0.5 Hz or lower
High-frequency response of 70 Hz or higher
Common mode rejection of at least 60 dB
Dynamic range of at least 40 dB.
What is included on the MSDS Sheets (OSHA): ✔️Ans - - The MSDS lists the
hazardous ingredients of a product, its physical and chemical characteristics
(e.g. flammability, explosive properties), its effect on human health, the
chemicals with which it can adversely react, handling precautions, the types of
measures that can be used to control exposure, emergency and first aid
procedures, and methods to contain a spill.
What year was the 'Universal Protocol' enacted? ✔️Ans - 2004
What was the purpose of the Universal Protocol? ✔️Ans - Preventing
wrong site, wrong procedure, and wrong person surgery. Performed by
conducting a pre-procedure verification process, marking the procedure site,
and performing a time-out
,What is the neocortex? ✔️Ans - The neocortex makes up the largest part of
the cerebral cortex. Comprised of six layers: It is responsible for sensory
perception, cognition, motor commands, spatial reasoning, and language.
What allows for visualization of prolonged trends that are difficult to
appreciate on raw EEG and is helpful in detecting Ischemia, levels of
anesthesia, and assess variability? ✔️Ans - Quantative EEG
When developing brain cells, or neurons, fail to reach the parts of the brain for
which they are genetically destined. As a result, those areas of the brain lack
the appropriate neural connections to function properly. This condition is one
of the most common causes of epilepsy and seizures. What is it? ✔️Ans -
Cortical dysplagia
A condition characterized by scarring and deterioration of the inner part of
the brain's temporal lobe. Also most common cause for temporal lobe
epilepsy. ✔️Ans - Hippocampal Sclerosis of the mesial temporal
A pattern can qualify as rhythmic or periodic as long as it continues for at least
6 cycles (e.g. 1/s for 6 seconds, or 3/s for 2 seconds). ✔️Ans -
Rhythmic/Periodic Definition
What is the definition of a spike/spiky wave? ✔️Ans - A spike is a duration
of 70ms, measured at the EEG baseline
What is the definition of a sharp wave? ✔️Ans - duration of that
component is 70-200 ms
What is the definition of slow wave? ✔️Ans - duration of that component
that is >200ms
What is an aura? ✔️Ans - perceptual disturbance experienced by some
with epilepsy or migraine. It can be olfactory, visual, or sudden onset of heart
palpitations, chest pain, etc.
If a patient had an aura seizure, what would you see on the EEG? ✔️Ans -
nothing
, What imaging test is best for subarachnoid hemorrhage? ✔️Ans - CT scan
What are Dycrystic seizures? ✔️Ans - focal or partial seizures when a
person makes a crying sound. They may also look like they are grimacing
Gelastic seizures, Dacrytic seizures, and hypothalamic hamartomas are
treatable with what procedure? ✔️Ans - Gamma knife
What electrodes are not used in LTM monitoring? ✔️Ans - nasopharyngeal
are not used in LTM due to irritation
A infection of the central nervous system by Taenia solium cysts. It is the most
common parasitic brain disease worldwide and the most common cause of
epilepsy in the developing world ✔️Ans - Parenchymatous
Neurocysticercosis (cysts on brain)
Hypothermia Cooling temp ranges: ✔️Ans - 32°C to 34°C
What electrode is between CZ and P4? ✔️Ans - CP2
This paroxysmal pattern is usually seen in the adult age group (typically over
50 years) and consists of a mixture of frequencies, often predominantly in the
theta range, lasting 40-80 s. It may resemble a seizure discharge but is not
accompanied by any clinical signs or symptoms. The significance of this
pattern is uncertain, but it should be distinguished from an epileptiform
seizure pattern. Can also be elicited during hyperventilation in adults.
✔️Ans - Subclinical rhythmic discharges of adults (SREDA)
Upper SSEP: The response that is generated by the somatosensory cortex
contralateral to the side of the stimulation ✔️Ans - N20
Upper SSEP: The response generated by the motor cortex contralateral to the
side of the stimulation ✔️Ans - P20
+ (positive response) and highest amplitude with a downward deflection;
positive nearfield response (P20/N30) ✔️Ans - Primary motor
- (negative response) and highest amplitude with an upward deflection;
negative nearfield response (N20/P30) ✔️Ans - Somatosensory
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