GEG 111 Exam 4 Harper College Latest Update 2023-
2024
Tsunami - ANSWER--A seismic sea wave, travelling at high speeds across the
ocean, formed by sudden motion in the seafloor.
Causes: Sea-floor earthquakes, submarine landslides, and eruption of an
undersea volcano
Physical Structure of the Ocean - ANSWER--Basic structure consists of 3
horizontal layers:
1-Mixing zone
2-Thermocline transition zone
3-Deep cold zone
Mixing Zone - ANSWER--warmed by the sun and driven by the winds
Thermocline transition zone - ANSWER--Temperature decreases with depth
Deep cold zone - ANSWER--Temperatures are generally near 0 degrees
Celcius but waters do not freeze because of the lower freezing point of
seawater.
Spring tide - ANSWER--The highest tidal range, which occurs when the
Moon and the Sun are in conjunction(at new moon) or in opposition(at full
moon) stages.
Neap tide - ANSWER--Unusually low tide range produced during the first
and third quarters of the Moon, with an offsetting pull from the Sun
Fringing reef - ANSWER--grow near the coastline around islands and
continents. They are separated from the shore by narrow, shallow lagoons.
Barrier reef - ANSWER--Form parallel the coastline but are separated by
deeper, wider lagoons. At their shallowest point they can reach the water's
surface forming a "barrier" to navigation.
Atoll - ANSWER--Are rings of coral that create protected lagoons and are
usually located in the middle of the sea.
Coral bleaching - ANSWER--Process through which corals expel their
nutrient supplying algae, turning white, leading to increased mortality.
Possible causes include very warm water, pollution, disease, sedimentation,
changes in ocean salinity, and increasing oceanic acidity.
Eolian Processes - ANSWER--Geomorphic (Earth shaping) processes caused
by the wind.
-Air acts as an agent of erosion and deposition.
-Consistent local wind can prune and shape vegetation.
Alpine glacier - ANSWER--Refers to glaciers that form on mountains
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