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NU 665 questions and certified answers 2023/2024

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NU 665 questions and certified answers 2023/2024 sociobiology - Answers Coined by Edward Osborne Wilson the systematic study of how biology affects human social behavior Explores why specific behaviors or other phenotypes came to be Evolution - Answers Coined by Charles Darwin: Natural se...

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  • December 4, 2023
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  • 2023/2024
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NU665
sociobiology - Answers Coined by Edward Osborne Wilson



the systematic study of how biology affects human social behavior



Explores why specific behaviors or other phenotypes came to be



Evolution - Answers Coined by Charles Darwin: Natural selection, survival of the fittest



a change in the genetic composition of a population over time



It unites ethology, population biology, ecology, anthropology, game theory, and genetics



aggression - Answers aggression serves both to increase territory and to eliminate competitors. Defeated
animals can emigrate, disperse, or remain in the social group as subordinates



Altruism - Answers behavior that reduces the personal reproductive success of the initiator while
increasing that of the recipient



working for others even if it means self sacrifice

Within the group the altruists are at a severe disadvantage but they help the group as a whole succeed
(example bees serving the queen)



twin studies on intelligence - Answers twin studies suggest that intelligence is based 2/3 genes and 1/3
environment



multiple twin studies suggest high rates of similarities in neuropsych testing despite being raised
seperately

, ethology - Answers study of animal behavior



Konrad Lorenz - Answers ethology (animal behavior); studied imprinting and critical periods in geese



"Critical Period" the time shortly after birth when imprinting occurs



consumatory response theory - Answers Phase of behavior whereby the energy driving the appetitive
phase is released. Involves the perception of sign stimuli, the activation of the innate releasing
mechanism (IRM), and the performance of the fixed action pattern (FAP)



fixed action pattern - Answers a sequence of unlearned or genetically determined acts directly linked to
a simple stimulus



species specific stereotyped movements



innate release mechanism - Answers sensory mechanism selectively responsive to specific external
stimuli and responsible for triggering the stereotyped motor response



Ritualization - Answers process of a behavior pattern being incorporated through evolution into a
primary signaling function, frequently with exaggeration and embellishment of some of the movements.



displacement activity - Answers an apparently irrelevant activity sometimes displayed by animals when
confronted by conflict or thwarted from attaining a goal



for instance in fight or flight situations sometimes animals do neither and display behavior that seems
irrelevant to the situation

Humans may do this when under stress as well



Karl von Frisch - Answers scientist known for his extensive studies of honeybee communications and the
famous bee waggle dance

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