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AQA A-LEVEL HISTORY Component 1J The British Empire, c1857–1967 MAY 2023 QP
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AQA A-LEVEL HISTORY Component 1J The British Empire, c1857–1967 MAY 2023 QPA-level
HISTORY
Component 1J The British Empire, c1857–1967
Wednesday 24 May 2023 Morning Time allowed: 2 hours 30 minutes
Materials
For this paper you must have:
• an AQA 16-page answer book.
Instructions
• Use black ink or black ball-point pen.
• Write the information required on the front of your answer book. The Paper Reference is
7042/1J.
• Answer three questions.
In Section A answer Question 01.
In Section B answer two questions.
Information
• The marks for questions are shown in brackets.
• The maximum mark for this paper is 80.
• You will be marked on your ability to:
– use good English
– organise information clearly
– use specialist vocabulary where appropriate.
Advice
• You are advised to spend about:
– 1 hour on Question 01 from Section A
– 45 minutes on each of the two questions answered from Section B.
, 2
IB/M/Jun23/E4 7042/1J
Section A
Answer Question 01.
Extract A
The expansion of the British Empire was fuelled by the Victorians’ love of adventure and a
desire for new knowledge. The interior of Africa held the most enticing mysteries left in
the world. The public at home shared the thrill of discovery of the man on the spot. The
Victorians loved a hero and imperial explorers and quarrelsome scientists filled this role.
These men wrote long, and often dramatic, accounts of their experiences for their public 5
and government at home to demonstrate the possibilities of these ‘new’ regions for the
Empire. The possibilities seemed unlimited, as the new Victorian technology, the
steamship, the telegraph and, above all, the railway, promised for the first time the real
opening up of the interior of Africa to these explorers, and by extension to Britain. As a
result of the explorers’ discoveries, men began to ‘think big’ and planning was on a
10
continent-wide scale for Britain’s expanded rule.
Adapted from ME Chamberlain, The Scramble for Africa, 2013
Extract B
Private traders played the central role in expanding Britain’s imperial rule in Africa. Late-
nineteenth-century British governments, Liberal and Conservative alike, were reluctant to
commit themselves either financially, or in terms of time and energy, to an extensive,
virtually non-stop, process of colonial expansion. They were, on the other hand, content
to let capitalist entrepreneurs undertake the dirty work of conquest and penetration on 5
their behalf. Rhodes was the most successful of these entrepreneurial individuals. His
success was due to his great international trading companies, his private army in the form
of the British South African Police Force, and his steamships on the Zambezi River
functioning as a small private navy. He was determined to drive British power northwards
and persistently advocated the use of force by the government to defeat the Boer
Republics. Other chartered companies in different parts of Africa also acted as agents for 10
British imperial expansion and consolidation.
Adapted from D Judd, Empire: The British Imperial Experience from 1765 to the Present,
2001
IB/M/Jun23/7042/1
J
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