AP World History Questions and Answers 100% Passed
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AP World Chapter
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AP World Chapter
Abbasid Caliphate Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas, the Abbasids
overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from their capital in Baghdad
(founded 762) from 750 to 1258. (p. 234)
absolution The theory popular in France and other early modern European monarch...
AP World History Questions and
Answers 100% Passed
Abbasid Caliphate ✔✔Descendants of the Prophet Muhammad's uncle, al-Abbas, the Abbasids
overthrew the Umayyad Caliphate and ruled an Islamic empire from their capital in Baghdad
(founded 762) from 750 to 1258. (p. 234)
absolution ✔✔The theory popular in France and other early modern European monarchies that
royal power should be free of constitutional checks. (p. 452)
Acheh Sultanate ✔✔Muslim kingdom in northern Sumatra. Main center of Islamic expansion in
Southeast Asia in the early seventeenth century, it declined after the Dutch seized Malacca from
Portugal in 1641. (p. 541)
acllas ✔✔Women selected by Inca authorities to serve in religious centers as weavers and ritual
participants. (p. 318)
Aden ✔✔Port city in the modern south Arabian country of Yemen. It has been a major trading
center in the Indian Ocean since ancient times. (p. 385)
Adolf Hitler ✔✔Born in Austria, Hitler became a radical German nationalist during World War I.
He led the National Socialist German Workers' Party-the Nazi Party-in the 1920s and became
dictator of Germany in 1933. He led Europe into World War II. (p. 786)
African National Congress ✔✔An organization dedicated to obtaining equal voting and civil rights
for black inhabitants of South Africa. Founded in 1912 as the South African Native National
Congress, it changed its name in 1923. Eventually brought equality (809)
,Afrikaners ✔✔South Africans descended from Dutch and French settlers of the seventeenth
century. Their Great Trek founded new settler colonies in the nineteenth century. Though a
minority among South Africans, they held political power after 1910. (735)
Agricultural Revolution ✔✔The change from food gathering to food production that occurred
between ca. 8000 and 2000 B.C.E. Also known as the Neolithic Revolution. (p. 17)
agricultural revolution ✔✔The transformation of farming that resulted in the eighteenth century
from the spread of new crops, improvements in cultivation techniques and livestock breeding, and
consolidation of small holdings into large farms from which tenants were expelled (600)
Akbar ✔✔Most illustrious sultan of the Mughal Empire in India (r. 1556-1605). He expanded the
empire and pursued a policy of conciliation with Hindus. (p. 536)
Akhenaten ✔✔Egyptian pharaoh (r. 1353-1335 B.C.E.). He built a new capital at Amarna, fostered
a new style of naturalistic art, and created a religious revolution by imposing worship of the sun-
disk. (p.66)
Albert Einstein ✔✔German physicist who developed the theory of relativity, which states that
time, space, and mass are relative to each other and not fixed. (p. 774)
Aleandria ✔✔City on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt founded by Alexander. It became the
capital of the Hellenistic kingdom of the Ptolemies. It contained the famous Library and the
Museum-a center for leading scientific and literary figures. (138)
Alexander ✔✔King of Macedonia in northern Greece. Between 334 and 323 B.C.E. he conquered
the Persian Empire, reached the Indus Valley, founded many Greek-style cities, and spread Greek
culture across the Middle East. Later known as Alexander the Great. (p. 136)
,Alexander Nevski ✔✔Prince of Novgorod (r. 1236-1263). He submitted to the invading Mongols
in 1240 and received recognition as the leader of the Russian princes under the Golden Horde. (p.
339)
All-India Muslim League ✔✔Political organization founded in India in 1906 to defend the
interests of India's Muslim minority. Led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah, it attempted to negotiate with
the Indian National Congress. Demanded Pakistan (813)
Anasazi ✔✔Important culture of what is now the southwest (1000-1300 C.E.). Centered on Chaco
Canyon in New Mexico and Mesa Verde in Colorado, the Anasazi culture built multistory
residences and worshipped in subterranean buildings called kivas. (pg 308)
aqueduct ✔✔A conduit, either elevated or under ground, using gravity to carry water from a source
to a location-usually a city-that needed it. The Romans built many aqueducts in a period of
substantial urbanization. (p. 156)
Arawak ✔✔Amerindian peoples who inhabited the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean at the time
of Columbus. (p. 423)
Armenia ✔✔One of the earliest Christian kingdoms, situated in eastern Anatolia and the western
Caucasus and occupied by speakers of the Armenian language. (p. 221)
Asante ✔✔African kingdom on the Gold Coast that expanded rapidly after 1680. Asante
participated in the Atlantic economy, trading gold, slaves, and ivory. It resisted British imperial
ambitions for a quarter century before being absorbed into Britain. 1902 (736)
Ashikaga Shogunate ✔✔The second of Japan's military governments headed by a shogun (a
military ruler). Sometimes called the Muromachi Shogunate. (p. 365)
, Ashoka ✔✔Third ruler of the Mauryan Empire in India (r. 270-232 B.C.E.). He converted to
Buddhism and broadcast his precepts on inscribed stones and pillars, the earliest surviving Indian
writing. (p. 184)
Ashur ✔✔Chief deity of the Assyrians, he stood behind the king and brought victory in war. Also
the name of an important Assyrian religious and political center. (p. 94)
Asian Tigers ✔✔Collective name for South Korea, Taiwan, Hong Kong, and Singapore-nations
that became economic powers in the 1970s and 1980s. (p. 861)
Atahualpa ✔✔Last ruling Inca emperor of Peru. He was executed by the Spanish. (p. 438)
Atlantic System ✔✔The network of trading links after 1500 that moved goods, wealth, people,
and cultures around the Atlantic Ocean basin. (p. 497)
Augustus ✔✔Honorific name of Octavian, founder of the Roman Principate, the military
dictatorship that replaced the failing rule of the Roman Senate. (151)
Auschwitz ✔✔Nazi extermination camp in Poland, the largest center of mass murder during the
Holocaust. Close to a million Jews, Gypsies, Communists, and others were killed there. (p. 800)
autocracy ✔✔The theory justifying strong, centralized rule, such as by the tsar in Russia or Haile
Selassie in Ethiopia. The autocrat did not rely on the aristocracy or the clergy for his or her
legitimacy. (p. 553)
Ayatollah Ruhollah Khomeini ✔✔Shi'ite philosopher and cleric who led the overthrow of the shah
of Iran in 1979 and created an Islamic republic. (p. 859)
ayllu ✔✔Andean lineage group or kin-based community. (p. 312)
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