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Summary LKT English - Grammar parts A, B, C
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All grammar topics summarized for sections A, B, C including examples.
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Lerarenopleiding Engels VO/BVE2023-2024
LKT – Grammar A, B, C
Exam prep
Nienke Raaijmakers
Hogeschool Rotterdam – Instituut voor Lerarenopleidingen
,Contents
List of abbreviations ............................................................................................................3
Grammar A............................................................................................................................4
Topic 1: word class / part of speech................................................................................4
Topic 2: sentence analysis...............................................................................................7
Topic 3: the passive........................................................................................................10
Topic 4: numbers ............................................................................................................11
Topic 5: prepositions ......................................................................................................12
Topic 6: quantifiers .........................................................................................................13
Topic 7: error analysis ....................................................................................................14
Topic 8: relative clauses.................................................................................................15
Grammar B..........................................................................................................................16
Topic 1: irregular verbs ..................................................................................................16
Topic 2: tenses................................................................................................................17
Topic 3: modal verbs ......................................................................................................19
Topic 4: conditionals ......................................................................................................20
Topic 5: gerund, infinitive, bare infinitive......................................................................21
Grammar C..........................................................................................................................22
Topic 1: word order ........................................................................................................22
Topic 2: the noun ............................................................................................................23
Topic 3: the possessive form of the noun (genitive) ....................................................23
Topic 4: adjectives ..........................................................................................................24
Topic 5: adverbs .............................................................................................................24
Topic 6: comparative and superlative forms ................................................................24
Topic 7: articles ..............................................................................................................25
Topic 8: pronouns...........................................................................................................26
Topic 9: tag questions ....................................................................................................27
2
, List of abbreviations
General abbreviations
sth something
sb somebody
Functions
S Subject Who/what + verb?
V Verb The action in the sentence: What is happening?
SC Subject complement What + V + S?
DO Direct object What + V + S?
IO Indirect object S + V + DO + to/for whom?
OC Object complement What + V + S + DO?
A Adverbial/Adjunct Why/When/Where/How?
Phrases
NP Noun Phrase Head of the phrase is a noun
VP Verb Phrase Head of the phrase is a verb
AdjP Adjective Phrase Head of the phrase is an adjective
AdvP Adverb Phrase Head of the phrase is an adverbial
PP Prepositional Phrase Head of the phrase is a preposition
Clauses
FC Finite Clause Clause with a finite verb in it
NFC Non-finite Clause Clause with a non-finite verb in it
Determiners
Def.art. Definite Article Introduces the Noun Phrase, no characteristic of noun
Indef.art. Indefinite Article Introduces the Noun Phrase, no characteristic of noun
Modifiers
PREM Premodifier Before noun, additional information
POM Postmodifier After noun, additional information
3
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